1. XP as a Disruptive Technology William C. Wake William.Wake@acm.org http://www.xp123.com Copyright 2002, William C. Wake. All Rights Reserved. February 2002: ASEE DFW SPIN

2. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 2 Summary Extreme Programming has the opportunity to be a disruptive technology for software development.

3. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 3 Extreme Programming (XP) XP – an agile software development method emphasizing: Customer/programmer interaction Pay-as-you-go design, and Automated testing

4. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 4 Where XP Applies Small team (<10 people) Short release cycle (<3 months) Partial lifecycle (analysis through delivery) Not all project types Projects with changing requirements

5. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 5 XP as an Onion Programming Practices – test-first, refactoring, etc. Team Practices – pairing, ownership, etc. Customer Practices – planning etc.

6. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 6 Customer/Programmer Interaction Key idea: Business versus technical decisions Iteration and short releases Whole team in one room Automated tests Planning

7. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 7 Release Plan 1 3 12 2 2 1 Iteration 1Iteration 2Iteration 3

8. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 8 Team Practices Continuous integration Collective ownership Pair programming Sustainable pace

9. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 9 Programming Practices Test CodeRefactor Analysis, Test, Code, Design – Ralph Johnson

10. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 10 From Extreme Programming Explained, Kent Beck. Addison-Wesley, 2000. XP Synergy

11. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 11 XP Synergy Focus on delivery Intense interaction Group memory Code and tests as internal documentation Focus on learning and skills

12. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 12 Technology Transfer Disruptive and sustaining technologies The Innovator’s Dilemma – Christensen

13. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 13 Disruptive Technology Market Demand Technology 1 Technology 2 Adapted from Fig. I.1 of The Innovator’s Dilemma, Clayton Christensen, Harvard Business School Press, 1997. Time Performance

14. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 14 Characteristics of Disruptive Technologies Weaknesses are strengths Simpler, cheaper, more reliable, and/or more convenient Different dimensions matter Their improvement rate exceeds the market’s rate of increasing need

15. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 15 XP as a Disruptive Technology Versus “non” processes Versus “big” processes Recall XP’s “sweet spot”: 10 people on a 3-month release cycle Focus on analysis through delivery Not all project types Projects with changing requirements

16. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 16 How to Handle Disruption Shift focus Acquisition Separate group or company

17. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 17 Cautions “Crossing the Chasm,” Geoffrey Moore “Predictions are tricky, especially about the future.” – Yogi Berra Disruptive Growth Fund

18. XP as Disruptive Technology www.xp123.com 18 Thank you! Bill Wake William.Wake@acm.org www.xp123.com