1. GENDER DIFFERENCES IN INFORMAL NETWORKS MONICA M. STALLINGS mmonica@wharton.upenn.edu The Wharton School University of Pennsylvania

2. STUDY 1 (in lab): How do men and women differ in informal network preferences? Gender Differences in Informal Networks by Monica Stallings 9-17-07

3. INFORMAL NETWORKS Informal networks linked to advantages for career progression and overall career success Gender Differences in Informal Networks by Monica Stallings 9-17-07

4. Network relationships characterized by type of resources exchanged instrumental job-related expressive friendship / social support multiplex job-related and friendship RELATIONSHIP TYPE Gender Differences in Informal Networks by Monica Stallings 9-17-07

5. STUDY 1 RESULTS Take-Away Both women and men prefer multiplex ties more than instrumental ties Gender Differences in Informal Networks by Monica Stallings 9-17-07

6. STUDY 1 RESULTS Take-Away Both women and men prefer same-sex multiplex ties more than any other type of tie WOMEN ADVICE-SEEKERS MEN ADVICE-SEEKERS Gender Differences in Informal Networks by Monica Stallings 9-17-07

7. STUDY 1 RESULTS When same-sex multiplex ties are NOT available: Contrast 1 – Female advice-seekers significantly prefer multiplex male advice-givers more than instrumental female advice-givers Contrast 2 – Male advice-seekers do not significantly prefer multiplex females over instrumental males. Take-Away: Both men and women seem to place instrumental women low on the preference hierarchy. WOMEN ADVICE-SEEKERS MEN ADVICE-SEEKERS Contrast 1: Significant difference Contrast 2: NOT a significant difference Gender Differences in Informal Networks by Monica Stallings 9-17-07

8. STUDY 1 RESULTS Take-Aways Contrast 3 – Women do not significantly prefer female multiplex advice-givers over male multiplex advice-givers. Implication: Women value multiplex ties. Contrast 4 – Men significantly prefer male multiplex advice-givers over female multiplex advice givers. Implication: Men value same-sex ties. WOMEN ADVICE-SEEKERS Contrast 3: NOT a significant difference MEN ADVICE-SEEKERS Contrast 4: Significant difference Gender Differences in Informal Networks by Monica Stallings 9-17-07