1. 1 Validation Principals Feeling, when validated, lose their strength When ignored, feeling gain strength Early, well established emotional memories stay

2. 2 Validation uses Empathy What is NOT Empathy Sympathy Confrontation Diversion/Distraction/Redirection Insight-oriented therapy Reassurance Therapeutic lie Patronizing

3. 3 Verbal Validation Techniques Centering Rephrasing Polarity Preferred sense Reminiscing

4. 4 Humans have many level of awareness/ consciousness

5. 5 Non- Verbal Validation Techniques Centering Close & genuine eye contact Taking emotional temperature Saying their emotion with same emotion Ambiguity Touch Relating movement to need Music Mirroring