1. BQ Energy Addressing Siting Challenges for Successful Energy Projects in the Northeast BQ Energy Presented to: NEWMOA Northeast States-EPA Workshop on Siting Renewable Energy Projects at Closed Solid Waste Landfills and Contaminated Sites Enfield, CT June 25, 2008 By: Josh Berkow BQ Energy

2. An Introduction To BQ Energy Developer Of Wind & Other Clean Energy Plants Specialize in Working On “Brownfield” Industrial Sites Founded in 2003 by Senior Executives From the Energy Industries Located in Patterson, NY. Developed a project near Buffalo, NY Development pipeline includes steel mills, oil refineries, chemical facilities, abandoned brownfields Work with local engineering, legal, printing,and environmental firms as a normal practice www.bqenergy.com

3. BQ Energy Steel Winds Project Lackawanna, NY Makes and Sells Electric Power 8 Wind Turbine Project near Buffalo, NY Built on the Site of the former Bethlehem Steel Works Produces 20 Megawatts of Power (about 6,000 homes) First urban wind farm in the USA Renewable Wind Energy An outstanding environmental project; executed with cooperation from NYS DEC

4. BQ Energy Nerefco Oil Refinery Rotterdam, Netherlands

5. BQ Energy PROPOSED PROJECT Fresh Kills Landfill Staten Island, NY

6. BQ Energy 6 Target Markets US & Canada Steel Mills Oil Refineries Ports Chemical Plants Military Bases Mining Metals Processing Manufacturing Landfills Hazardous Waste Processing What’s The Common Theme?

7. BQ Energy Steps to Develop Wind Farms…. #1 Find Where its Windy #2 Find A Power Outlet #3 Find A Site That Can be Permitted

8. BQ Energy What are the Typical Environmental Concerns? Noise Birds Safety Visual Impacts Airplane Obstruction Property Values

9. BQ Energy What are the Noise Issues???? Wind Turbines are not loud.

10. BQ Energy What are the Bird Issues???? Birds fly into all tall structures, including buildings, elevated highways, bridges, and wind turbines. Wind Turbine Height: ~ 390 - 480 ft. National average of 2 – 5 avian collisions per turbine per year National Academy of Sciences estimates wind energy responsible for 0.003% of all human-related avian deaths A 15 turbine project can anticipate 30 – 75 avian deaths per year Estimated Annual Avian Impacts: Cats: 1 Billion Buildings: 100 Million Vehicles: 60 Million Turbines:10,000

11. BQ Energy What are the Safety Issues???? Wind Turbines are Very Safe Can Locate Near Buildings, Parking, Transportation, Industrial Facilities Awareness of Ice on all Tall Structures

12. BQ Energy Visual Impacts ?? Nerefco Wind Farm, Rotterdam, Netherlands Developer: Paul Curran, Texaco

13. BQ Energy Visual Impacts ?? Courtesy of: Paul Leuchner

14. BQ Energy Visual Impacts ?? Steel Winds, Lackawanna, NY Developers: BQ Energy, UPC

15. BQ Energy Would You Rather Look at This???

16. BQ Energy Why is the FAA Concerned?? Structures higher than 200 feet may pose a collision hazard to aircraft Notice of Construction is filed with FAA Wind turbines are painted white and equipped with a slow-blinking obstruction light Meteorological towers are not required to file

17. BQ Energy What is the Impact on Area Property Values?? Limited documentation exists on effects of wind turbines on property values –Several major studies conducted –Results difficult to gauge –Studies focus only on impacts of wind turbines –Studies neglect other factors (recent wind development coincides a bubble and collapse in the housing market) –Equal numbers of studies show either no impact or negative impact Property value impacts related to public perceptions of wind turbines –Negative attitudes towards wind energy may lower property values –Negative perceptions of wind energy linked to Lack of control over project A sense of being subjected to injustice –A local stakeholder’s process can mitigate these concerns

18. BQ Energy Project Development Timeline: 2 - 3 year Engage Stakeholders at Every Step in the Process Educate

19. BQ Energy Strategy on Existing Contamination 1- Lease land; don’t purchase 2- Secure Clear Indemnification from Site Owner 3- Secure Clear Indemnification from Regulators 4- Ensure that the wind project does not interfere with any site cleanup 5- Position turbines so that they are not likely to be in areas with known pollution 6- Design foundations to allow for variation in ground quality and composition

20. BQ Energy What Can Regulators do to help site renewable energy facilities on Brownfields? 1- Help identify potential sites (eg. new EPA database) 2- There are typically three heavily impacted divisions in an environmental agency: remediation, permitting, and energy production/policy. These three need to have a common view on proposed projects. 3- Establish clear Brownfield Programs that offer release of liability to new users of land 4- Encourage (financially or otherwise) site owners to act on these properties quickly in any fashion that does not impinge on the ultimate cleanup. Site owners often fear doing anything that would result in a worse cleanup situation and often prefer to do nothing as a result.

21. BQ Energy What Can Regulators do to help site renewable energy facilities on Brownfields? 1- Help identify potential sites (eg. new EPA database) 2- Coordinated policy on proposed projects. 3- Establish clear Brownfield Programs that offer release of liability to new users of land 4- Encourage (financially or otherwise) near-term action.

22. BQ Energy Siting Challenges for Energy Projects in the Northeast QUESTIONS? BQ Energy, llc 20 Jon Barrett Rd. Suite 2 Patterson, NY 12563 (845) 228 – 3485 www.bqenergy.com