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IP Addressing
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What Is an IP Address? 86 90 94 MARIA AVE
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w. x. y. z. 131.107.3.24 Network ID and Host ID Network ID Host ID
32 Bits w. x. y. z. Example: Class B
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Converting IP Addresses from Binary to Decimal
1 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 8 Bits 255 Decimal Value
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Address Classes w x y z Class A Class B Class C Network ID Host ID
Class B Network ID Host ID 1 0 Class C Network ID Host ID 1 1 0 w x y z
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Network IDs (First Octet)
Address Class Summary Number of Networks 126 16,384 2,097,152 Number of Hosts per Network 16,777,214 65,534 254 Class A Class B Class C Range of Network IDs (First Octet) 1 – 126 128 – 191 192 – 223
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Addressing Guidelines
Network ID Cannot Be 127 127 is reserved for lookback functions Network ID and Host ID Cannot Be 255 (All Bits Set to 1) 255 is a broadcast address Network ID and Host ID Cannot Be 0 (All Bits Set to 0) 0 means “this network only” Host ID Must Be Unique to the Network
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Assigning Network IDs Router 1 2 3 124.x.y.z z y.z
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Assigning Host IDs 1 2 3 Router 124.0.0.27 124.0.0.28 124.0.0.29
124.x.y.z z z 1 2 3
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What Is a Subnet Mask? Distinguishes the Network ID from the Host ID
Used to Specify Whether the Destination Host is Local or Remote
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Default Subnet Masks (No Subnetting)
Address Class Bits Used for Subnet Mask Dotted Decimal Notation Class A Class B Class C Class B Example IP Address 16.200 0.0 Subnet Mask Network ID y.z Host ID w.x. 16.200
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Determining the Destination of a Packet
Local and Destination Host’s Subnet Masks Are ANDed 1 AND 1 = 1 Other combinations = 0 If ANDed results of source and destination hosts match, the destination is local. IP Address Subnet Mask Result
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IP Addressing with IP Version 6
Expanded Addressing Capabilities Simplified Header Format Support for Time-Dependent Options Support of IP Header Extensions for Future Technologies
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Review What Is an IP Address? Address Classes Addressing Guidelines
What is Subnet Mask? IP Addressing with IP Version 6
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