1. User Working Group Yannis Ioannidis University of Athens, Greece DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 2010

2. Overview Members, Projects/Initiatives User WG Objectives and Activities User Interoperability Interoperability of DLs/DLSs with respect to users – User Modeling – User Profiling – User Context – User Management Interoperability of Users – Collaboration – Participation – Privacy DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 20102

3. Members, Projects/Initiatives User Working Group members Tiziana Catarci, Sapienza University of Rome Yannis Ioannidis, University of Athens (Scientific Chair) Akrivi Katifori, University of Athens (Working Group Leader) Georgia Koutrika, Stanford University Natalia Manola, University of Athens Anna Nika, University of Athens (Rapporteur) Andreas Nürnberger, University of Magdeburg Paul Polydoras, University of Athens Manfred Thaller, University of Cologne Project involved in the Working Group D4Science DRIVER-II Papyrus Planets DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 20103

4. User WG Objectives and Activities WG ObjectivesActivities Performed Identification of crucial user-level interoperability issues Definition of user interoperability Seven user-level issues identified Identification of state-of-the-art approaches for user-level issues Contribution to the State-of-the-Art Survey Proposal of patterns of approaches and best-practices Contribution to the DL Technology & Methodology Cookbook Enhancement of the User Domain of the Reference Model Inclusion of new examples in the RM Amendment of concepts’ descriptions Collaboration of WG membersFace-to-face meetings and Skype calls Preparation of WG publications 4DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 2010

5. User Interoperability User Interoperability Definition a.Interoperability of DLs/DLSs with regard to what is captured within each DL/DLS about users b.Interoperability of users through their use of the DL/DLS User Interoperability Issues a.Interoperability of DLs/DLSs with respect to users user modeling, user profiling, user context, user management b.Interoperability of users collaboration, participation, privacy DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 20105

6. Interoperability of DLs/DLSs with respect to users (1/3) The “object” of interoperation – can be arbitrary – can be an attribute of the user (e.g., user credentials, user demographics) – can be simple (e.g., keywords) – or complex in structure (e.g. ontologies, queries, layouts) – can be at the data or at the model/schema level DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 20106

7. Interoperability of DLs/DLSs with respect to users (2/3) The “purpose” of interoperation – preserving user characteristics across systems (transparent user mobility from one system to the next) – mapping user characteristics from one system to the next (non-transparent user mobility) – integrating user characteristics maintained about the same user in two different systems DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 20107

8. Interoperability of DLs/DLSs with respect to users (3/3) Use cases by combining “objects” and “purposes” – consolidating a user’s preferences as perceived from his/her presence in multiple systems – retaining the user’s access rights as the system transfers him/her to another system – … DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 20108

9. Model/Profile Heterogeneity Example Donatella@DL1: – “Research Infrastructures”  0.9 – “Swimming”  0.3 Donatella@DL2: – “Research Infrastructures” ≤ “Swimming” Contradicting or Incomparable? Context dependent? Reconciliation approach? – E.g., More info and stronger statement in DL1 DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 20109

10. User Modeling User modeling: creating a user model for a DL that represents essential information about users Interoperable user models: enable propagation of user information across different DLs State-of-the-art approaches/best practices – Shared Format Approach, e.g., General User Model Ontology (GUMO) – Conversion Approach, e.g., Schema Mapping of Generic User model Component (GUC) DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 201010

11. User Profiling User profiling: collecting information about a user in order to generate user's profile, depending on the current user model User profiling interoperability: supporting mechanisms of reconciliation of different/conflicting user profile characteristics State-of-the-art approaches/best practices – Instance Mapping of Generic User model Component (GUC) DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 201011

12. User Context User context: “external” factors affecting user profiles regarding user interactions with a DL User context interoperability: supporting compliant context descriptions and interpreting user information in a concrete way given the same context State-of-the-art approaches/best practices – Unified User Context Model (UUCM) – Context-passport based on UUCM for cross-system personalization 12DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 2010

13. 13 User Management User management: managing electronic identities that are strongly associated to users' privileges User management interoperability: heterogeneous DL systems apply concrete, shared, but transparent to the end- user authentication and authorization policies State-of-the-art approaches/best practices – OpenID – Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) – eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML) DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 2010

14. Interoperability of Users Through the DL, users are able to – collaborate – communicate – cooperate The DLS supports them in – knowledge sharing – sense making – identifying new and/or hidden semantics The DLS preserves user privacy and generates a sense of trust 14DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 2010

15. Collaboration User collaboration: enabling users to directly interact and collaborate with each other or implicitly benefit from the actions of other users in a DL or across different DLs State-of-the-art approaches – Indirect collaboration, e.g., collaborative-based filtering, usage statistics, annotations, tags, rankings – Direct collaboration, e.g., collaborative tools such as chat, forums DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 201015

16. Participation User participation: engaging users in active participation in the evolution of a DL, both at the content and the operational level State-of-the-art approaches – Social networks – Flickr Commons (partner w/ Library Congress + 15 other institutions) – Noosphere serving as the PlanetMath project's software platform DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 201016

17. Privacy User privacy: controlling the degree to which user make information about their interests and activities public in the context of user communities that DLs support State-of-the-art approaches – SemWebDL, that enables the dynamic composition of disparate and autonomous digital libraries while preserving user’s privacy 17DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 2010

18. 18 Thank you! https://workinggroups.wiki.dlorg.eu/index.php/User_Wor king_Group DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 2010

19. The User Domain (1/2) Actors entitled to interact with Digital Libraries Umbrella concept for all notions related to the representation & management of actors within a DL An “actor” can be: – individual person – group of people acting in unison – inanimate entities, e.g., software programs, instruments 19DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 2010

20. The User Domain (2/2) DL.org All Working Groups Meeting, Rome, 26-28 May 201020