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Published byJesus Mugford Modified over 10 years ago
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Mass spectrometry EI CI APCI ESI GC-MS LC-MS/MS LC-MS ToF
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Outline Fundamentals Ionization Isotopes Some chromatography Applications Roles and responsibilities
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Mass spectrometry Latin ”spectre” means ”image”. Word has drifted from optical spectrometry A mixture of masses can be separated and ”imaged” We get a raw look into chemistry Extremely versatile tool – the equivalent of a digital oscilloscope.
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Remember this! Only IONS can be analyzed Separation based on m/z – not mass! ALWAYS done in vacuum
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Mass spectrometer Ion sourceMass filter(s)Detector
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m/z Rel. I Masspektrum Mass spectra
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Modes GC-MS: Volatiles – solvents – reagents EI - Electron Impact is a classic CI - Chemical Ionization is difficult! LC-MS: Water soluble – proteolytes Electrospray is super mild – proteins APCI is a bit violent – hydrolyze esters
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LC-MS Fundamental problem MS done in vacuum LC mobile phases DESTROY vacuum Over 20 years of hard work to solve
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Kromatogram Antal scan Tid Totaljonkromatogram Total Ion Current (TIC) masspektrum vid en viss tidpunkt klemastin (Tavegyl®, antihistamin)
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Summary GC-MS EI – Agressive! CI – Mild LC-MS APCI – Pretty agressive – hydrolyze esters ESI – Extremely soft – large proteins can be ionized
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