1. EUROPE BEFORE WWI
EUROPE AFTER WWI

2. Factors leading to Rise of Dictators
“Big Four”
Treaty of Versailles
Economic Problems
________ Republic
Lost Faith in ___________
League of Nations
use of ___________
U.S. President Wilson
Italian Prime Minister Orlando
French Prime Minister Clemenceau
British Prime Minister George

3. RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY
__________________ is a “Totalitarian” government which:
Glorifies the state
___ leader and one party
Society controlled by the government
No opposition/protests are tolerated
________________ and _______________ widely practiced
Anti-Democratic
Benito Mussolini
Est. Fascism
Joined Germany in 1940

4. BENITO MUSSOLINI – “IL DUCE”
1922 – “March on _____”
“Blackshirts”
Expected loyalty to Italy
“Believe, Obey, Fight”
14 ________= medal
Educate youth
“Sons of the Wolf”
Expansion
“Survival of the Fittest”

5. STALIN’S COMMUNIST RUSSIA
1924 – Lenin died
Power struggle between Joseph Stalin and Leon Trotsky
1928 – Stalin is leader
“_____________________”
Make USSR modern
Oil/Coal/Steel
“Collective Farms”
Peasants forced to join
Peasants resisted
“Terror Famine”
“Gulags”

6. STALIN’S COMMUNIST RUSSIA
1934 – “_____________”
Characteristics of Communism
“Classless society”
Society controlled by gov’t
Terror
Censorship
Propaganda
“___________________”
Opposite of capitalism
“_________________”

7. FRANCISCO FRANCO’S SPAIN
1931 – Spanish Civil War
“Nationalists” – Franco
Germany/Italy began sending soldiers/supplies to Franco
Guernica
“weapons experiment”
Pablo Picasso

8. Japanese Expansionism
_____________ = Emperor
Hideki ______ = Minister of War
Issei – foreign-born Japanese in U.S. before 1924
_______ – children of Issei born in U.S.
Japan invaded Manchuria
Raw Materials
living space
1937 – Japan attacked ___________ – WWII in Asia
Hirohito
Tojo

9. Rise of Nazi Germany Fought for Germany in WWI
“Iron Cross”
7th member of ____ Party
1921 – leader of Nazi
Party
Pledged to correct
Germany’s problems

10. Rise of Nazi Germany 1923 – Beer Hall Putsch 1925 – 25K Nazis Failed
Hitler thrown into jail
“___________________”
__________ Race
Hatred of Jews/Commies
____________________
Blamed Germany’s problems on T of V (Stab in the Back Theory), Jews, Commies, Weimar Republic
Nazi Bible
1925 – 25K Nazis

11. Rise of Nazi Germany 10/29/1929 – “Black _______” 1929 – 180K Nazis
Economic crisis helped pave
way for Hitler/Nazis
1932 – Nazi Party – largest in
___________________
1/ – Von Hindenburg
appoints Hitler as ________
Hitler put people to work in
armament factories and
public works programs

12. Great Depression and High Unemployment and led to a dramatic increase in votes for Hitler and the Nazi Party
Election date
Votes in millions %
May 20, 1928
0.81
2.6
September 14, 1930
6.41
18.3
July 31, 1932
13.75
37.3
November 6, 1932
11.74
33.1
March 5, 1933
17.28
43.9

13. Rise of Nazi Germany Feb 1933 – Reichstag Fire
“Russian Terrorism or Nazi Propaganda???”
3/23/1933 – ______________
“Law for Removing the Distress
of the People and the Reich”
Symbolic beginning of dictatorship
Censorship
“_____” – motto – “My honor is called loyalty”
Hitler’s “Praetorian Guard”
Gestapo
“HJ’
6/30/1934 – Night of __________

14. Rise of Nazi Germany 8/2/1934 – Von Hindenburg dies
“_______________” takes over
“Today Germany, Tomorrow the World”
8/19/1934 – ______% approval in plebescite vote
HITLER’S TREATMENT OF JEWS
1935 – _________________ Laws
11/9/1938 – _________________
1941 – “Einsatzgruppen”
1942 – _____________ Conference