1. RDA is on the way! © Lynne LeGrow Cataloguer Collection Access
Halifax Public Libraries
Presentation for N.S.C.C. LIT Program students
February 2010

2. That was then…

3. This is now…

4. Who do we catalogue for? Patrons in the library Staff of the library
The home/remote user.
(Not necessarily a local user)

5. The ‘next-generation’ catalogue
Acts less like an inventory list and more like a finding aid.
With the advent of the Internet, people’s expectations regarding search and access to information has changed.
GOOGLE
has become a verb!

6. RDA is on the way!
RDA is the new international cataloguing standard that will replace AACR2
Scheduled to be published in June 2010.
Final report of ‘testing institutions’ will be shared with the U.S. library community in October 2010

7. RDA explained
RDA is a set of guidelines that indicates how to describe a resource, focusing on the pieces of information (or attributes) that users most likely need to know.
RDA facilitates the description of relationships between related resources and between resources and persons or bodies that contributed to creation of that resource

8. AACR2 Anglo created for an English-speaking audience
New rules needed because cataloguing now has an international audience

9. International interest in the subject of cataloguing

10. The cataloguing community is at a Crossroads
navigating the transition from years of creating bib records using the AACR rules within a print dominant environment to RDA,
a new content standard that reaches beyond the library domain to cover all types of content and media.

11. Why change to RDA?
The bib record will reflect changes to optimize the use of the library catalogue as an online product.
RDA provides guidelines on cataloguing digital resources and will improve searching and browsing for users
RDA supports the clustering of bibliographic records to show relationships between works and their creators to make us more aware of the work's different editions, translations, or physical formats.
RDA will enable libraries to keep up with other information providers such as Amazon, Indigo, Library Thing etc.

12. Don’t stress!
Cataloguers will interact with RDA as a fully interactive and customizable online tool.
Don’t stress
There will be different ways to access RDA:
through searching or browsing the contents of the ‘RDA toolkit’
through the existing MARC tag, or
through schemas that guide you through the process of creating a record. (templates)
Integration with cataloguing systems is planned so that you will be able to click through from your cataloguing system to the RDA instruction for the data you are inputting.

13. Ease of use
RDA will feature schemas which will be freely downloadable. The schemas are record templates of sorts, expressing the data structure for a record
Schemas will include a display of controlled vocabulary with definitions.
RDA ‘rules’ will be online and searchable in many different ways. No more trying to remember what Rule 1.1F5 says…
There will be an -based support system when the online help fails you
Some in the profession see RDA as a way of ‘dumbing down’ the cataloging process, making it possible for people with little or no training to catalogue. However, any cataloguer MUST maintain a sound knowledge of cataloguing before applying RDA or any other rule set.

14. AACR2 RDA toolkit AACR2 Rule Number Search of RDA instructions
Full text of AACR2 with links to RDA

15. How much will RDA cost?
A subscription model is currently being developed by the co-publishers: American Library Association, Canadian Library Association and the Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (U.K.).
$325 U.S. for the first user (annual subscription price) 2 to 9 concurrent users will be charged an additional $55 for each designated user For example:     An institution like HPL that designates 8 additional users will be charged $765. per year ($325 plus 8 times $55)
Purchase price in countries other than the U.S. will be announced on the RDA-L listserv.

16. RDA detractors!
There is evidence that many in the library world do not support the implementation of RDA and the next generation of the library cataloging rules.
Why? Cost factors and concern about the extra training needed for cataloguers.
If it ain’t broke, then don’t fix it mentality… Resistance to change.
Resource:

17. What RDA will NOT do…
RDA will have NO influence on presently used classification schemes (Dewey is still king at Halifax Public Libraries!)

18. RDA and authority work
Maintaining the integrity of your catalogue’s name and subject authority files will remain as important after RDA as before. Collocation remains important!
But it will impact on your library’s authority records…
There will be new data elements in the MARC 21 Authority Format that would be needed to support RDA detail with
respect to dates, places and several other elements associated with the entity for which the record was made.

19. RDA can be used with MARC
RDA can be used with many metadata platforms including MARC coding
Changes to MARC21 are being made to accommodate new RDA data elements
You will notice that MARC bibliographic records are longer after RDA than they are now… but the longer marc record will display in a more concise and efficient manner.

20. Changes to MARC with RDA
GMD (general material designation) will no longer be input in the $h subfield of the 245 marc tag. GMD will be replaced by: Content type, Media type, and Carrier type.
Content type terms will be input in a 336 tag Example: 336 $a two-dimensional moving image $2 rdacontent
Media type terms will be input in a 337 tag Example: 337 $a video $2 rdamedia
Carrier type terms will be input in a 338 tag Example: 338 $aVideodisc.$2rdacarrier
There will be new 007 and 008 codes
New field (marc tag 011) in the bib and authority formats to identify which of the FRBR entities is represented by the record Example: 011 $aFrench translation.$2rda
Read slide

21. Input changes re: Main entry
With AACR2 if the work has more than 3 authors, or if the work has 3 authors AND has a collective title, then we use
TITLE MAIN ENTRY.
With RDA the first author gets the main entry (regardless of how many)

22. [Square brackets] and typos
With RDA we will use square brackets only for information not found in the item, regardless of source within the item.
With RDA "[sic]" or bracketed additional letters will no longer be used after typos.  Create 246 with corrected title spellings.

23. Uniform Titles
The purpose of uniform titles now is to identify, distinguish and collocate titles to maintain the consistency so important to cataloguing.
RDA may change this. RDA uses terms like: preferred title and authorized access point.
RDA-L the listserv for discussion of RDA presently has a thread on this topic.

24. Some changes that are being made to catalogues pre-RDA
The ‘Rule of Three’
has been made optional.
This antiquated rule was
created in the days of the
card catalogue when space
was limited.
With an online environment
we can trace as many
authors as we want!
(The more access the better!)
RDA states that statements of responsibility will be recorded as found.

25. Subject headings are being updated
Inverted headings are gradually being changed to direct order
Example: Body, human is now Human body
Antiquated terms are being updated to modern jargon
Example: Cookery will change to Cooking

26. 655 Genre headings are used more
Unlike 650 subject headings which tell the user what the material is ‘about’, genre headings tell the user what the material ‘is’.
Examples: $aMystery fiction.$2gsafd
655 7 $aEssays.$2lcsh
655 7 $aFilmed operas.$2lcsh

27. More ‘formatted’ contents notes
Formatted contents notes will enable the user to find individual works within works. Example: you could do a title search for the song “Beautiful day” by U Example: you could do a title search for “The yellow wallpaper” (a short story found only in a short story anthology)
505 $tBeautiful day /$rU2 --$tPenny Lane /$rBeatles --$tOne headlight /$rWallflowers.

28. With RDA -Relator terms will be used
When tracing names in 700 tags we will be using relator terms. (input in a subfield e)
These relator terms will be spelled out and not input as abbreviations as they are now.
Examples:
$aSmith, Chester.$esinger
$aDouglas, Keith.$econductor
$aManning, Ruth.$eco-author
Read slide

29. Examples of RDA terminology
AACR2 terms
Heading
Main entry
Added entry
Authorized heading
See references
Uniform title
Elements
RDA terms
Access point
Authorized access point
Variant access points
Preferred access point
FRBR attributes
It is ALL about ACCESS!

30. ACCESS

31. Punctuation and Capitalization
AACR2 dictated that certain marks of punctuation (such as ellipsis) should be replaced with other marks of punctuation.
RDA specifies that punctuation should be transcribed exactly as it appears
AACR2 rules of capitalization no longer apply
RDA specifies that capitalization should be transcribed exactly as it appears

32. Abbreviations being eliminated
Birth/death dates will no longer be denoted by b. or d.
Bible subject headings will no longer hold the abbreviations for New and Old Testament (N.T. & O.T.)
In the 250 tag there will be no abbreviations used (1st ed., Rev. ed., etc.)
In the 260 tag the abbreviation Dept. will be replaced with the word Department ; Co. will be replaced with Company, etc.
In the 300 tag there will be no more abbreviations such as: col., sd., geneal., b&w etc…
The abbreviation ca. will be replaced with the word approximately
The abbreviation i.e. will be replaced with the words ‘that is’
Latin references S.l. (sine loco, for without place) S.n. (sine nomine, without name) will no longer be used in the 260 tag.

33. Catalogue searching will be KEYWORD driven
Searches will perform much like Google searches do because they will use keywords to guide the search
The search results will be ranked for relevancy
Users will have the option to further refine their search results
Read slide.

34. What is FRBR? (ferber)
Functional Requirements of Bibliographic Records
FRBR is an evolving conceptual model designed to help users easily navigate catalogs and find the material they want in the form they want it – be that print, DVD, audio, or adaptations.
FRBR considers that each work has a unique entry point and from that you can then describe that work in its various formats.

35. New acronyms
FRAD - Functional Requirements for Authority Data (the new basis for instructions on authority control).
FRSAR – Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Records.

36. FRBR… Three groups In other words: Title, author, subject
The first group comprises the products of intellectual or artistic endeavour that are named or described in bib records: work, expression, manifestation, and item.
The second group comprises those entities responsible for the intellectual or artistic content, the physical production and dissemination, or the custodianship of such products: person and corporate body.
The third group comprises an additional set of entities that serve as the subjects of intellectual or artistic endeavour: concept, object, event, and place.
In other words: Title, author, subject
Read slide.

37. How does FRBR relate to RDA?
FRBR provides the conceptual foundation for RDA
RDA will include the FRBR terminology Example: the names of bibliographic entities: “work”, “expression”, “manifestation”, and “item”)
Read slide

38. FRBR example The FRBR model can be used to present options to
users in a more clear and user-friendly manner.
Would it not be easier to see one basic overview record for “Jane Eyre” and choices for versions and availability rather than a long list of records of different editions of Jane Eyre with not much information on the initial hit list page to differentiate them?
Read slide.

39. Illustration of FRBR using “Jane Eyre”

40. Manifestations are what we typically catalogue.
U.S. edition (Random House)
British edition (Hodder & Stoughton)
These are manifestations of the regular print expression
Large print editon (Thorndike Press)
Large print editon (Chivers Press)
These are manifestations of the large print expression
Book on CD (Macmillan Audio)
Book on CD (Blackstone Audiobooks)
These are manifestations of the sound recording expression

41. RDA/FRBR example = Jane Eyre (clustering)
Search term = Jane Eyre = Results
Note the effective use of icons!

42. Jesse Shera's Two Laws of Cataloguing:
Law #1 No cataloguer will accept the work of any other cataloguer.
Law #2 No cataloguer will accept his/her own work six months after the cataloguing. University of Illinois, Graduate School of Library Science.  Dec

43. A quote from one of my co-workers
To err is human.
To find your OWN mistakes before anyone else does…. that is truly divine.

44. RDA is on the way! © Lynne LeGrow Cataloguer Collection Access
Halifax Public Libraries
Presentation for N.S.C.C. LIT Program students
February 2010