1. Fuzzy Logic Decisions and Web Services for a Personalized Geographical Information System Constantinos Chalvantzis 1, Maria Virvou 1 1 University of Piraeus, Department of Informatics, Karaoli Dimitriou St 80, 18534 Piraeus, Greece kxalv@hotmail.com, mvirvou@unipi.gr

2. A navigation system which will provide location-based services with a personalized way, taking into account the preferences and the interests of each user. Location-Based Services are provided via Web Services Personalization mechanism is based on fuzzy logic decisions

3. The term location-based services (LBS) is a rather recent concept that integrates geographic location with the general notion of services. The five categories below characterize what may be thought of as standard location-based services

4. The term fuzzy set was coined by Zadeh (1965). Applications of fuzzy sets within the field of decision making have consisted of fuzzifications. Fuzzy GIS approach is to apply different fuzzy membership functions to data layers. The Fuzzy GIS model (Smart Earth) described here, takes a different approach, compensating for data gaps by incorporating, or codifying, expert knowledge.

5. One of the most basic characteristics of the LBS, is their potential of personalization as they know which user they are serving, under what circumstances and for what reason. The thematic preferences of the user The CRUMPET project, which researched how the visitors of a town can be benefited from personalized services about sightseeing, museums, hotels, and etc. In fact, it can provide information to tourists according not only to users preferences, but also his location. CRUMPET project The season and the age of the user: GiMoDig project studied the possibility of personalized maps according to the time of the year. Consequently, different signs are used for possible activities, according to the users age and also the season of the year. GiMoDig project

7. Personalization in Smart Earth includes adaptation to the user's related interests and other preferences, adaptability, i.e. automatic update of the user model based on the user's interactive history, Location-awareness, i.e. the awareness of the system of a user's current spatial context. The model of interest is based on Fuzzy Logic Decisions

8. The user model initializes the use of stereotypes The most appropriate stereotype to start with, can be identified by a few demographic attributes that the user states when he registers to the system An adaptive user model learns users interests from the user's interaction with the system The Fuzzy Decision classes enable Smart Earth to make decisions that have a number of different influences to the decision-making

10. From the users searches e.g. when a user visits a hotels, this user is interested in hotels. From the users points of interest e.g. when a user records a restaurant, this user is interested in restaurants. From other users preferences e.g. when all users prefer a specific bar, this bar proposed in first user. The users preferences are influenced from his/her interaction with the system. Specifically are defined from the below actions:

11. Where Wsearch(i) is the weight of the search action for an interest i. UserSearches(i) is the number of user searching actions for an interest i, n is the sum of interests and Ws(i) is the weight value for a specific search for points of interest i. Where W Record(i) is the weight of the record action for an interest i. User Records(i) is the number of user recording actions for an interest i, n is the sum of interests and Wr(i) is the weight value for specific record of points of interest i. Where WRatio (i) is the weight of the ratio parameter for an interest i. UserRatio(i) is the user ratio for an interest i, and UsersRatio(i) is the users ratio for an interest i.

12. From the above types we calculate the weight of an interest with the below type: In the Tour Guide Algorithm with the fuzzy decisions sets the i WInterest value is affected from the users history parameter and from the users demographics attributes. The history parameter is calculated from the below type: Where Whistory(i) is the weight of the user history parameter for an interest i. Visits(i) is the sum of visits for a point of interest i and Visits is the sum of visits for all points. Each demographic attribute of the user is affected the Winterest(i) with this formula:

17. All in all, the most significant services have been illustrated: Database service for inserting, updating, deleting and selecting POIs GPS Service for receiving the exact location from the Bluetooth GPS Receiver device Location based services Map Presentation service with the best as possible presentation of the maps Route service for receiving the desired routes with accurate directions Personalization for personalizing the information, according to the user.

21. illustration of the users profile illustration of the categorization of the users illustration of the data mining techniques from the database for each user, which be useful for personalized information expansion of the possibilities of the system and the interests of the users prediction of the actions it is necessary to experiment the response time of the system in case of rapid escalation of the system.

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