1. Hybrid Propulsion Friday 18 February 2011 Andrew Duncan Jim Anderson

2. Scottish Government Climate Change Delivery Plan

3. Measures in the transport sector which will contribute to the delivery of the 34% Scottish target in 2020 include:  Improved energy efficiency of new ships  Public sector investment in new vessels for subsidised lifeline ferry services  Supporting the development of emissions reduction targets in shipping operations  By 2020, a 5-10% emissions reduction through technology measures and another 10% reduction through demand and fleet management CLIMATE CHANGE DELIVERY PLAN Chapter 5: Transport Sector

4. Hybrid Passenger/Car Ferry

5. 1: 8 Slipway Hybrid Passenger/Car Ferry

7. Main Dimensions Length Overall43.5m Length between PP39.6m Breadth (moulded)12.2m Draught1.6m Capacities Deadweight140 tonnes Cars23 HGVs2 Passengers150 Crew3/4 Speed9 kts Hybrid Passenger/Car Ferry

8. Model Tests

9. Trial Conditions, BF2 Draught (m)PD (kW)N (rpm) 1.60m258.787.4 Service Speed 9.0 kts Required power and Propeller Revolutions at Design Draught: Model Tests

10. Propulsion

11. Diesel Mechanical Diesel Electric Hybrid

12. Diesel Mechanical

14. Shore Supply M PROP 1 PROP 2 M DC Link Ships Service Ship's Service Shore Supply G1 G2 G3 G4 Emer Swbd M2 M M1 M Prop 2 M Prop 1 395 kW 0 – 615 RPM 395 kW 0 – 615 RPM 375 kW DC Link 4 x 253kVA Generators 400V, 50Hz, 3ph Cos Ø = 0.9 Diesel Electric

15. Diesel Mechanical 2 x 450kW Engines Max Propulsion Power 9 knotsMANPORTOVERNIGHT DAILY HOURS22.50%3.46%18.75%55.29% DAILY HOURS5.4 h0.83 h4.5 h13.27 h SHAFT POWER750 kW258.7 kW200 kW60 kW MAIN ENGINE POWER (MCR) 450 kW NUMBER CONNECTED 2222 TOTAL INSTALLED ME POWER (MCR) 900 kW TOTAL ME POWER DEMAND 840kW333 kW224 kW67 kW MAIN ENGINE LOAD 86%37 %25 %7 %Total FUEL CONSUMPTION (litres/day) 509 litres/day55 litres/day128 litres/day Estimated Total Fuel Consumption692 litres/day Fuel Calculations

16. Diesel Electric 4 x 240kW Engines Max Propulsion Power 9 knotsMANPORTOVERNIGHT DAILY HOURS22.50%3.46%18.75%55.29% DAILY HOURS5.4 h0.83 h4.5 h13.27 h SHAFT POWER750 kW258.7 kW200 kW60 kW MAIN ENGINE POWER (MCR) 240 kW 450 kW NUMBER CONNECTED 4221 TOTAL INSTALLED ME POWER (MCR) 960 kW480 kW 240 kW TOTAL ME POWER DEMAND 900 kW397 kW277 kW105 kW MAIN ENGINE LOAD 92%83 %58 %44 % Total FUEL CONSUMPTION (litres/day) 527 litres/day57 litres/day119 litres/day 703 litres/day Estimated Total Daily Fuel Consumption703 litres/day Fuel Calculations

17. Diesel MechanicalDiesel Electric Daily Fuel Consumption 692 litres/day703 litres/day Engine load at 9knots37%83% Engine load during manoeuvring 25%58% Engine load at port7%44% DM vs DE

18. Shore Supply M PROP 1 PROP 2 375 kW M DC Link Ships Service Battery Bank 350kWh Ship's Service Shore Supply G1 G2 G3 G4 Emer Swbd M2 M M1 M Prop 2 M Prop 1 395 kW 0 – 615 RPM 395 kW 0 – 615 RPM 375 kW 4 x 253kVA Generators 400V, 50Hz, 3ph Cos Ø = 0.9 DC Link Battery Bank 350kWh Serial Hybrid System

19. AC DC AC Battery Propulsion Motor ) Shore Supply Mode 1 - Generator Mode 2 - Generator + Battery Mode 3 -Battery Mode 4 -Battery charging Hotel Generator Variable Speed Drive Modes of Operation

20. Greater redundancy Reduce fuel consumption Reduced impact of CO2 emissions and other pollutants Uncertainty of future fuel costs Insurance against increasing environmental regulation Noise reduction Possibility to operate in zero emission mode when vessel is at port Lower maintenance Reasons for Considering Hybrid Propulsion

21. Batteries

22. Lead AcidLithium Ion Depth of Discharge50%80% Cycle life at 50% Depth of Discharge 1000 8000 >3000 @ 80% DoD Energy Density20 Wh/kg100 Wh/kg Charge Efficiency60%95-99% MaintenanceMaintenance requiredMaintenance Free Lead Acid – Lithium Comparison

23. Aft Engine Room Fwd Engine Room G1 G3 G2 G4 Prop 2 M2 Converter Main Switchboard Prop 1 M1 Converter Aft Prop Room Fwd Prop Room Aft Battery Room Battery Bank 2 Battery Bank 1 Fwd Battery Room Machinery Arrangement

24. Mar 2011 PQQ Distribution May 2011 PQQ Deadline June 2011 PQQ Evaluation June 2011 Issue ITT Aug 2011 ITT Deadline Sep 2011 Complete Tender Evaluation Oct 2011 Award Shipbuilding Contract Procurement Process

25. Thank you for your attention