1. Textbook Section 1.1 (Chapter 1, Section 1)
What is Earth Science?
Textbook Section 1.1
(Chapter 1, Section 1)

2. How to Right Side (Respond) to Vocabulary
Construct four boxes in a row. Fill them in as follows:
Word
Definition
Image
Memory Trigger

3. How to Right Side (Respond) to Vocabulary: Example
Word
Definition
Image
Memory Trigger
Cat
feline mammal usually having thick soft fur and no ability to roar
Meow

4. Vocabulary
Earth Science – the name for all sciences that collectively seek to understand Earth
Geology – the science that examines Earth, its form and composition, and the changes it has undergone and is undergoing

5. Vocabulary
Oceanography – the scientific study of oceans and oceanic phenomena
Meteorology – the scientific study of the atmosphere and atmospheric phenomena; the study of weather and climate

6. Vocabulary
Astronomy – the scientific study of the universe; It includes the observation and interpretation of celestial bodies and phenomena

7. What is our task here?
We are going to understand the Earth. All of it. We will be able to begin to think about answering these questions:
What forces produce a mountain?
Why does our daily weather change?
Is our climate changing?
What causes ocean tides?

8. Why is this hard (Honors)?
Because the Earth is always changing.
Our orbit is getting larger.
Our land masses are sliding around the globe.
The planet is heating up (global warming).
Yes, you will have to balance all of these to answer questions about Earth Science.

9. Disciplines Within Earth Science: How to Respond
Make a chart with three columns and fill them in as follows:
discipline
Some of the things that are studied
Memory Trigger

10. Disciplines Within Earth Science: How to Respond - Example
Here is an example with “biology” filled in. Biology is NOT a discipline of Earth Science.
discipline
Some of the things that are studied
Memory Trigger
Biology
Living things

11. Disciplines within Earth Science
Geology
Oceanography
Meteorology
Astronomy
(don’t have to chart these): Geobiology, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Paleontology

12. Geology Meaning: The Study of Earth Geo = Earth
-o-stuff-y = The Study of
Two broad Subdivisions of Geology: Physical Geology and Historical Geology

13. Physical Geology Physical = right here, right now
Materials that make up the Earth.
How the Earth is currently changing. (Remember those sliding landmasses?)
Processes that create earthquakes, build mountains, and produce volcanoes.
Processes that break rock apart and create landforms.

14. Historical Geology Historical = happened in the past
How did the Earth form?
What happened in Earth’s past?
We study physical geology first, because we want to see if the processes happening today might explain our past.

15. Respond Do this Right Side for Homework:
What are the two main areas of geology?
What do they study?
Which do we learn first?
Why?

16. Oceanography
The study of the composition and movements of seawater, as well as coastal processes, seafloor topology, and marine life.
Ocean = the ocean
-o-stuff-y = the study of
This is a meta discipline. Incorporates: chemistry, physics, geology, and biology.

17. Meteorology
The study of the atmosphere and the processes that produce weather and climate.
Mete = ?
Composition of the atmosphere.
Earth’s interaction with the Sun.
Weather Conditions.

18. Astronomy The study of the universe. Astro = outer space
Discussion question: How is it different to study something when you are inside of it, rather than being outside of it?

19. Formation of the Earth
Earth is one of eight planets (no more Pluto) that revolve around the sun.
Our solar system has an orderly nature: everything lines up.
Earth and the other planets formed at the same time, from excess material that wasn’t used by the sun.
Nebular Hypothesis

20. Nebular Hypothesis Different materials have different heavinesses.
Think about a 2L bottle full of water vs a 2L bottle full of air.
In science, we call this term density.

21. Nebular Hypothesis
The more massive you are, the more gravity you exert.
We exert some gravity, but the Earth is more massive than we are. So if I let go of an overhead pen, it will “fall” to the Earth because that gravity wins.

22. Nebular Hypothesis
When the solar system was being formed, the more massive planets/stars whisked away the least dense elements due to their gravity.
Thus, the less massive planets (Earth, Mercury, Venus, Mars) are left with the more dense elements.

23. Density and Earth Formation
If we went to a swimming pool filled with water and took our 2L bottles of water and air, which one would sink? Which would float?
More dense materials sink.
Less dense materials rise.

24. Density and Earth Formation
When Earth was being formed, it was being formed out of different substances.
Those substances sank or rose depending on whether they were more or less dense than the substance above or below it.
Thus, Earth has come to have different layers.

25. Respond
Your penpal is a third grade student in Texas. She wrote you to ask the following, “Why does Earth have layers?” Answer her question in a way that she can understand. Use complete sentences because she needs to learn that, too.