1. WORLD WAR I AND THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES

2. CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I World War I began when Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by a Serbian, Gavrilo Princip on June 28, 1914. The Archduke was next in line to be emperor of Austria-Hungary. Serbians were angry with Austria-Hungary since 1908 because it had taken over Bosnia and Herzegovina. This led Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia. Russia had an alliance with Serbia (due to their similar Slavic backgrounds), so it sent troops to defend Serbia and began World War I.

3. EUROPE BEFORE WORLD WAR I BEGAN

4. WHAT IS AN ALLIANCE? An alliance is an agreement among people or countries to unite for a common cause. Many alliances had formed between European countries before World War I began.

5. WORLD WAR I ALLIANCES 1914 - 1918 Central Powers Austria-Hungary Germany Turkey Bulgaria The Allies Russia (dropped in 1917) France United Kingdom Italy (in 1915) United States (in 1917)

6. WHAT HAPPENED? Germany joined the war due to its alliance with Austria-Hungary, and France came in on the side of Russia and Serbia. Germany then invaded a neutral Belgium, which brought the United Kingdom in due to its alliance with Belgium. In 1917, German submarines sank four American merchant ships, so the United States declared war on Germany and joined the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Russia. Russia dropped out of the war due to the Russian Revolution beginning in its country in 1917. When WWI ended, nearly 22 million civilians and soldiers from both sides had died. The Allies won, but Europe had been devastated.

7. EUROPEAN DEVASTATION

11. WWI INTRODUCES NEW WARFARE TACTICS New ways of fighting and new inventions had been developed that were used in WWI: Trench warfare Airplanes Tanks Poisonous gas/gas masks Automatic weapons U-boats/Submarines

12. AFTER WORLD WAR I: THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES Europe was devastated. Many people were left homeless, starving, jobless and poor. The Allies blamed Germany for the devastation to Europe and forced Germany to sign the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. The Treaty of Versailles demanded Germany be punished for the war and declared Germany would: Pay for the damages done to much of Europe Would give up one million square miles of land in Europe Limit its armed forces Accept full responsibility for the war and damages

13. EUROPE AFTER WORLD WAR I

14. THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS President Woodrow Wilson of the United States had proposed that the nations of the world come together and create a governing body so that another World War would never again occur. So the Treaty of Versailles created a League of Nations. The United States Senate never agreed to the formation of this League of Nations, so it never proved to be a strong governing body to enforce the punishment of Germany.

15. Woodrow WilsonTreaty of Versailles