1. Accomplishments of Trustee GA 1733-1752
The colony was full of disagreement (malcontents) but still many good things:
5500 people had settled GA over the 21 years of Trusteeship
Treaties with Native Americans and end of Spanish Threat made GA a safe haven.
Methodist Church was founded by John and Charles Wesley
Whitfield established an Orphanage at Ebenezer

2. Court system was established
Colonists gained outright ownership of land
Women were able to inherit property
All in all- they survived the hardships encountered and set the stage for success!
Non sibi sed alis? SUCCESS!
But GA was turned over from a proprietary colony to a royal colony in 1752 (governed now by the King)

3. Boundaries
Under the Charter of 1732 all lands between the Savannah and the Altamah rivers from their mouths to their headwaters and then due west in parallel lines to the Pacific Ocean
See pp for ROYAL RULE

4. Government
All laws regulations enacted by the Trustees in England were subject to approval by the king. No colonial legislative body, real governor (other than Oglethorpe)
See pp for ROYAL RULE

5. Religion No established church Freedom of religion… EXCEPT CATHOLICS!
Even Jews had a place!
See p. 90 for ROYAL RULE

6. Land ownership 50 acres for gardens and farms
Colonists who paid their own way-50 acres PLUS 50 acres per family member and servant up to 500 acres
Can not sell land
Only males can inherit land
See p. 92 for ROYAL RULE

7. Slavery
Slaves prohibited until 1750 after malcontents objected to slave ownership, land restrictions and no rum!
Malcontents v. Salzburgers(especially Bolzius) as well as the Highland Scots.
DEBATED THE ISSUE OF SLAVERY!
See p.89 for ROYAL RULE

8. Georgia as a Royal Colony

9. Georgia Becomes A Royal Colony
The last part of the 18th century was time of growth and development:
New Jersey- first steam engine
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania- Liberty Bell
Benjamin Banneker- put together the first clock
Benjamin Franklin- invented bifocals
Roads started to be paved in the NE colonies

10. 1752- The 21 trustees gave control of Georgia back to King George
1752- The 21 trustees gave control of Georgia back to King George. Georgia becomes a royal colony.
People who left Georgia when it was under the control of the trustees began to return
Slaves were brought to Georgia
Rice and indigo are grown

11. Georgia’s First Governor and Government
Under the control of the trustees, Georgia settlers had no right to vote, hold elections, or collect taxes.
1754- John Reynolds is named the first royal governor of Georgia
John Reynolds wanted the colonists to help run the government (self-government)

13. Bicameral Legislature
Reynolds set up a bicameral legislature to represent the eight parishes of Georgia.
In order to vote: own 50 acres of land
Two parts of the legislature: Lower House (Commons House of Assembly) and Upper House (Governor’s Council)

14. Lower House Upper House
Commons House of Assembly
Members had to own no less than 500 acres of land
Members could write and vote on bills before they became laws
Governor’s Council
Members were appointed by the king of England
Wealthy, influential landowners
Advise the governor, approve land grants, make laws, act as judges in legal cases

15. Court System Governor John Reynolds also set up a court system
Named the Court of Conscience
Colonists brought their cases before a local justice of the peace
Cases that couldn’t be settled in the Court of Conscience could be carried to the Governor’s Council

16. Georgia’s First Assembly
Met for the first time in 1775
Savannah- colony’s capital city
Reorganized the state militia, passed bills so that roads could be built, drew up codes that restricted the rights of slaves

17. Governor Reynolds versus the Assembly
Governor Reynolds and the Assembly had a disagreement over defense budget and he sent them home
Gov. Reynolds decided to govern by himself
Georgians were split over those who wanted their self-government back and those who liked Gov. Reynolds and wanted him to remain in charge
After two years, the self-government group won and Governor Reynolds was replaced

18. Governor Henry Ellis
1757- Chosen by the King to replace Governor Reynolds.
A scientist
Sought advice from governor of South Carolina, brought together many different types of people and depended on the wealthy citizens to lead the colony
Population grew with new settlers and slaves. By ,000 settlers (3,600) slaves
Became ill in 1759 and returned to England. He had been a popular governor. The colony made economic gains

19. Slavery in Georgia
Highland Scots at Darien and Salzburgers at Ebenezer were opposed to slavery
Not many large plantations at this time, but the wealthy landowners kept getting more land and wanted more slaves.

20. Governor James Wright Appointed by King George III in 1760
He grew up in America, was loyal to the king but also wanted the colonies to do well
He thought that Georgia would continue to prosper if:
Farms were even bigger
More trading was done
Western lands of the colony were opened to settlers

22. French and Indian War
British and Colonists versus the French and the American Indians
Spain joins to help France towards the end of the war
Fought for control of land in the New World
British and colonists won
Treaty of Paris (1763)- ended the war; Canada and all lands claimed by France east of the Mississippi River (except New Orleans) were given to Great Britain; Spain gives Florida to Great Britain as well.

24. Expansion of Georgia’s Borders
Georgia did not participate in the French and Indian War but benefited from it.
As a result of the War, Georgia’s southern border was moved to the St. Mary’s River
Indians gave up all land between Ogeechee and Savannah rivers north the Augusta and coastal land south to the Altamaha River

25. Results of the War and Land Expansion
Ended the danger of French and Spanish attacks along land borders
Colonists could begin to settle inland instead of just along the coast
Indians were being pushed father and farther to the west
Provided water access for shipping
Fertile farmland
Dense forests with timber and naval store resources

26. Positive Changes under Governor James Wright
Sunbury became the official port of entry for ships
Upper and Lower houses of legislature work together
Farmers bought more land
Rice, indigo and silk are produced
More schools and literacy increased
The first newspaper, The Georgia Gazette, was started (1763)
Bigger, nicer houses and buildings

27. Negative Changes under Governor James Wright
Many mothers died in childbirth
Schools was mostly for rich children
Slavery increased
Many undesirables and lawbreakers moved here

28. Future Problems…. No plan for defending the colony
Poorer settlers in Georgia began to ask for a greater voice in the government
Some settlers began to call for independence from Great Britain