1. Sadlier-Oxford Vocabulary Level G, Unit 4
English 111
Sadlier-Oxford Vocabulary
Level G, Unit 4

2. Atrophy: someone whose muscles have atrophied would not win a trophy.
(n.) the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive decline or failure; (v.) to waste away
Synonyms: (n.) degeneration, deterioration, (v.) wither
Antonyms: (n.) growth, development (v.) mature, develop

3. Bastion: think of the Bastille
(n.) a fortified palace, stronghold
Synonyms: citadel, rampart, bulwark, parapet

4. Concord: think of how you’d feel if your parents bought you an Accord
(n.) a state of agreement, harmony, unanimity; a treaty, pact, covenant
Antonyms: disagreement, strife, discord

5. Consummate: think perfect mate
(v.) to bring to a state of completion or perfection; (adj.) complete or perfect in the highest degree
Synonyms: (v.) clinch, conclude; (adj.) masterful
Antonyms: (v.) launch, initiate, begin, kick off

6. Disarray: think of all the dis words
(n.) disorder, confusion; (v.) to throw into disorder
Synonyms: (n.) disorganized; (v.) dishevel, mess up
Antonyms: (n.) organization, order, tidiness

7. Exigency: ends like urgency
(n.) urgency, pressure; urgent demand, pressing need; an emergency
Synonyms: requirement, crisis

8. Flotsam: float-sam (n.) floating debris; homeless, impoverished people
Synonyms: floating wreckage

9. Frenetic: think frantic
(adj.) frenzied, highly agitated
Synonyms: frantic, overwrought, distraught
Antonyms: calm, controlled, relaxed, leisurely

10. Glean: gather grain (g sounds)
(v.) to gather bit by bit; to gather small quantities of grain left in a field by the reapers
Synonyms: collect, cull, pick up

11. Grouse: grouch
(n.) a type of game bird; a complaint; (v.) to complain, grumble
Synonyms: gripe, kvetch, bellyache

12. Incarcerate: you’d be incarcerated for stealing a car
(v.) to imprison, confine, jail
Synonyms: intern, immure
Antonyms: liberate, release, free

13. Incumbent: like the prez
(adj.) obligatory, required; (n.) one who holds a specific office at the time spoken of
Synonyms: (adj.) mandatory, necessary
Antonyms: (adj.) optional, unnecessary

14. Jocular: joke-ular (adj.) humorous, jesting, jolly, joking
Synonyms: waggish, facetious, droll, witty
Antonyms: humorless, solemn, grave, earnest, grim

15. Ludicrous: ends like ridiculous
(adj.) ridiculous, laughable, absurd
Synonyms: risible, preposterous
Antonyms: heartrending, poignant, pathetic

16. Mordant: morbid
(n.) biting or caustic in thought, manner, or style; sharply or bitterly harsh
Synonyms: acrimonious, acidulous, sardonic, scathing
Antonyms: bland, mild, gentle, soothing

17. Nettle: needle
(n.) a prickly or stinging plant; (v.) to arouse displeasure, impatience, or anger; to vex or irritate severely
Synonyms: (v.) peeve, annoy, incense, gall, irk
Antonyms: (v.) please, delight, soothe, pacify

18. Pecuniary: penny-cuniary
(adj.) consisting of or measure in money; of or related to money
Synonyms: monetary, financial

19. Pusillanimous: wusillanimous
(adj.) contemptibly cowardly or mean spirited
Synonyms: craven, lily-livered
Antonyms: stouthearted, courageous, daring

20. Recumbent: recline (don’t confuse with incumbent!
(adj.) in a reclining position, lying down, in the posture of one sleeping or resting
Synonyms: prone, prostrate, supine, inactive
Antonyms: erect, upright, energetic, dynamic

21. Stratagem: singular of strategy
(n.) a scheme to outwit or deceive an opponent or to gain an end
Synonyms: ruse, trick, ploy, subterfuge