1. Brian Little Per.6

2.  The war was against the Protestant Union and the Catholic League  The Protestant Union was made up mostly of Lutherans and Calvinists  This war was a religious war

3.  The Peace of Augsburg was signed in 1555 which divided Europe into the Roman Catholic Church and the Lutheran Church  The Peace of Augsburg allowed the prince of a territory to choose which religion their territory would follow  When Calvinism was spread throughout the Peace of Augsburg didn’t affect them and they were converting princes to their religion which angered the Roman Catholic Church

4.  The Bohemian Phase (1618-1625)  The Danish Phase (1625-1629)  The Swedish Phase (1630-1635)  The French Phase (1635-1648)

5.  Civil war in Bohemia between the Catholic League and the Protestant Union is what sparked the start of the war.  The Protestants lost the first phase of the war when 10 years later Bohemia was completely catholic.  Bohemia before the civil war did not have a sure religion. There were Catholics and protestants.  The Catholics win the Bohemian Phase

6.  This part is called the Danish Phase because the ruler of Denmark, King Christian IV, supported the protestants.  King Christian was also a prince of the Holy Roman Empire.  At the end of this phase the Treaty of Lubek was signed allowing Denmark to keep valuable things like their city-state Holstein.  Catholics once again dominate the protestants

7.  The Catholic victories from the earlier phases angered the protestants.  A Swedish man named Gustavus Adolphus greatly supported the Lutherans.  This man lead the Protestants to their first victory in the war.  Protestants are the victors of this phase

8.  The French join the Protestants hoping to weaken the Habsburg.  Ferdinand II dies in 1637  Attempts at peace begin in 1641  Cardinal Richelieu dies in 1642  The French capture Bavaria in 1646  There was clear victor in this phase

9.  This was the last real religious war in Europe.  Germany was divided into many different parts and will not come together for another hundred years or so.  The war weakened Spain Making France one of the dominate countries of Europe  Limited the power of the Holy Roman Empire  Male Population of German states reduced by half  The war helped create Sovereign nation states

10. The area of Germany after the Thirty Year’s war

11. Brian Little: Seminar #3 Per.6