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Mr. Russo Beaumont High School
Ch 3 Notes Mr. Russo Beaumont High School
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Ch 3 Vocab Matrix – Pg 30 Igneous Rock Metamorphic Rock Lava
Intrusive Igneous Magma Extrusive Igneous Weathering Erosion Sediments Compaction Sedimentary Rock Cementation
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Objective – Notes Ch 3.1(Pg 32)
We will be able to describe how the 3 major types of rocks are formed
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Rock Rock – A solid mass of mineral or mineral like matter that occurs naturally
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What are the 3 major types of rocks?
Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic
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Igneous Rock Igneous Rock – Igneous rock forms when molten rock (magma/lava) cools and becomes solid
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Magma Magma – Molten rock below the surface
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Lava Lava – Molten Rock above the surface
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Weathering / Sediments
Weathering – When rocks are broken down to bits and pieces Sediments – The bits and pieces that occur due to weathering
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Sedimentary Rock Sedimentary Rock – Rock that forms from sediments being compacted or cemented together
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Metamorphic Rock Metamorphic Rock – Forms under intense heat and pressure
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Rock Cycle Rock Cycle – The cycle that shows how rocks change from one type to another. TAKES A VERY LONG TIME
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What powers the Earth’s Rock Cycle?
Igneous / Metamorphic Rock form due to the heat from the INTERIOR OF THE EARTH. Sedimentary Rock forms due to weathering which is caused by THE SUN
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Objective – Notes 3.2 (Pg 35) We will be able to describe the characteristics that differentiate intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks
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What does the Latin word “ignis” mean?
Ignis means Fire Igneous rock comes from molten lava or magma (very hot)
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Intrusive Igneous Intrusive Igneous – Rocks that cool or harden below the surface. Common Example - Granite
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Extrusive Igneous Extrusive Igneous Rocks – Rocks that cool or harden above the surface Common Example - Rhyolite
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Question Does magma form an extrusive or intrusive igneous rock?
Does lava form an extrusive or intrusive igneous rock? Extrusive
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Characteristics - Igneous
Intrusive Extrusive Made of what? Magma lava How fast does it cool? Slow Fast Crystal Size Large Very Small Texture Coarse –Grained Fine-Grained
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What igneous rock is made of magma?
How fast does intrusive rock cool? What is the texture of a extrusive igneous rock?
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How does the rate of cooling affect the texture?
Cools very slow – Rough texture (coarse-grained) Cools very fast – Smooth texture (fine-grained)
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Objective – Notes 3.3 (Pg 39) We will be able to describe the relationship between compaction, cementing, clastic and chemical sedimentary rocks.
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Ch 3.3 Erosion Erosion – Weathering and removal of rock
Water, wind, ice, gravity
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Deposition Deposition – When rock sediment is deposited into a new area Largest sediments deposit first Small sediments deposit last
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Compaction Compaction – A process that squeezes or compacts sediments
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Cementation Cementation – When dissolved minerals are deposited in the tiny spaces among the sediments (sediments are glued together)
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Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
Clastic sedimentary Rock – made of weathered bits of rock and minerals
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Chemical Sedimentary Rocks
Chemical Sedimentary Rock – Dissolved minerals become solid in water
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Are clastic sedimentary formed by compaction or cementing
Are clastic sedimentary formed by compaction or cementing? Chemical sedimentary? Clastic Sedimentary Rock – Compaction Chemical Sedimentary Rock - Cementing
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What is unique of sedimentary rocks?
They give us clues to how, when and where the rock formed. Bottom layers are the oldest layer Top layer is the youngest layer
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What is unique of sedimentary rocks?
Fossils are only found in sedimentary rocks.
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Objective: 3.4 Notes (pg 42 ) We will be able to describe the 2 types of metamorphic rocks and how they form
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Ch 3.4 Metamorphism Metamorphism – Existing rocks change by heat and pressure Metamorphic rocks look much different than parent rock
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Where does most metamorphism take place?
High temperatures and pressure A few kilometers (miles) below the surface
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Contact Metamorphism Contact Metamorphism – Hot magma moves into rock
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Regional Metamorphism
Regional Metamorphism – Large scale deformation – mountain building
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What are the 3 agents of metamorphism?
Heat Pressure Hydrothermal solutions (Very hot liquids)
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Foliated metamorphic rocks
Foliated metamorphic Rocks – Metamorphic rocks with a layered or banded appearance
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Non-foliated metamorphic rocks
Non-foliated metamorphic rock – A metamorphic rock that does not have a banded texture. Ex-marble
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