1. AFRICAN AMERICAN CLIENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF BIAS IN LOUISIANA HEALTHCARE Research Day 2012 School of Allied Health Professions Robin Steed, PhD, LOTR

2. How did I come up with this topic? Background

6. sample population positivenegative Attitudes towards African Americans

7. Current Study What I did during summer vacation

8. Demographics  n = 9  5 female 4 male  9 th grade – college  varied occupations  addictive disorder

9. “What have you experienced in terms of racial bias in healthcare?” “What contexts or situations have typically influenced or affected your experiences of racial bias in healthcare?” Guiding Questions

10. Analysis of Transcripts  Basis of Discrimination  Consequences (or Results) of Discrimination  Possible Solutions

11. Basis of Discrimination IInsurance SSES EEthnicity PPerceived Lifestyle Disparity in Quality LifestyleSESInsurance Ethnicity

12. Insurance and Trauma Outcomes

13. Basis of Discrimination IInsurance SSES EEthnicity PPerceived Lifestyle Disparity in Quality LifestyleSESInsurance Ethnicity

14. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey 2008, Louisiana

15. Basis of Discrimination IInsurance SSES EEthnicity PPerceived Lifestyle Disparity in Quality LifestyleSESInsurance Ethnicity

16. Days to Dg by Insurance & Ethnicity (Hoffman, 2011)

17. Basis of Discrimination Disparity in Quality LifestyleSESInsurance Ethnicity IInsurance SSES EEthnicity PPerceived Lifestyle

19. Results of Bias  Poor Communication  Deferred Treatment  Superficial Triage  Poor Client-practitioner Relationship

20. Solutions  Adapt to system vs. over adaptation  Take time to provide information  Institutional changes  Try to understand the client’s situation  Spiritual

21. So what’s the bottom line? Discussion

22. What does bias look like?  Lack of eye contact  Hesitant to touch/no touching  Washing hands after every touch  Talking “around”  Disrespectful language “Atta boy!”  In a hurry  Not explaining/ not asking / ignoring

23. Implications for Practice  Medical Model vs. Sociocultural Model  Mindfulness  Advocacy  Effective client education materials

24. Implications for Future Research  ROI investigations  Efficacy of community awareness campaigns  Examination of instructional interventions for practitioners  Design of client education

25. robinsteed.pbworks.com researchday.pbworks.com Questions?