1. RECONSTRUCTION Period of time between
1865 and 1876 which was an attempt to mend the rift between the North and the South
Goal 3
Part VI

2. Three Plans for Reconstruction
President Lincoln: “With malice toward none, with charity for all…to bind up the nation’s wounds…”
President Johnson: “To bring the common farmer to power in the South, without equal rights for blacks.”
Radical Republicans: to take vengeance upon the South and provide equal rights to the freedmen.
1. Who were the people or groups responsible for the 3 optional plans of Reconstruction of the South?
Lincoln, Johnson, & Radical Republicans

3. Lincoln’s Plan An indivisible nation prevailed
Since secession was illegal, the south never really left the Union
Quickly restore the Union
Not to punish the citizens of the Confederate States of America (CSA)
Referred to as the 10% plan
1. What was Lincoln view on the secession of the Southern States?
That it was illegal and an action of Treason against the U.S.
2. How did Lincoln want to deal with the Southern States?
Not to punish them, but to bring them back into the Union, while remaining gentle to their pride
3. What is this plan known as?
The 10% Plan
4. Why wasn’t Lincoln’s Plan implemented?
Because he was assassinated 5 days after the surrender of the CSA

4. Self Assessment
1. What was Lincoln view on the secession of the Southern States?
2. How did Lincoln want to deal with the Southern States?
3. What is this plan known as?
4. Why wasn’t Lincoln’s Plan implemented?

5. Johnson was regularly at odds with the Radical Republicans in Congress over the issue of civil rights for freedmen
Johnson’s Plan called for each Southern State taking an oath to the Union and recognizing the 13th Amendment. Under this plan Johnson would decide when the Southern States could fully participate in the Union.
Johnson became the first President to be impeached
Because of the failure in removing him a tradition was started regarding impeached Presidents
Andrew Johnson’s Plan
1. Why was Johnson chosen as the seceding President?
Because he was a Southerner and people thought that the Southern States would respond better with a Southerner as President.
2. What position did he hold in the Tennessee? Why didn’t Southerners respond respectfully towards Johnson? What did this disrespect eventually led to?
Governor of TN, but resigned due to TN’s Desire to secede with the majority of the Southern States; Because they viewed him as a Scalawag; His impeachment
3. What is a Scalawag? What is a Carpetbagger?
A Southern Republican, who were often rich and considered a trader to Southern ideals.

6. Self Assessment 1. Why was Johnson chosen as the seceding President?
2. What position did he hold in the Tennessee? Why didn’t Southerners respond respectfully towards Johnson? What did this disrespect eventually led to?
3. What is a Scalawag?

7. Radical Republican Plan (Wade-Davis Bill)
Their entrance into power was enabled by Lincoln’s assassination
Congress was more punitive toward the South
Secession states should not be allowed back into the Union easily and every citizens should be held accountable for treason
Supported Military occupation of South
Advocated voting rights to freedmen
1. What did 2 things did the Radical Republicans advocate and implemented into the Southern States?
(1) As the Southern States reentered into the Union the Radical Republicans replaced all the Governors, Mayors and Representatives within Congress with well educated African American Northerners & (2) Implemented the Freedmen’s Bureau
The Radical Republicans led by Thaddeus Stevens, responsible for the impeachment of President Johnson had a different view on how to deal with the people within the secession states. Why did the radical republicans want to impeach Johnson?
To remove his executive order authority so, they could implement their plan of punishing the South
3. How did the South respond to this action?
The implemented the Black Codes, which were social segregation laws and as soon as they could voted the educated men of color out of office.

8. Self Assessment
1. What did 2 things did the Radical Republicans advocate and implemented into the Southern States?
2. The Radical Republicans led by Thaddeus Stevens, responsible for the impeachment of President Johnson had a different view on how to deal with the people within the secession states. Why did the radical republicans want to impeach Johnson?
3. How did the South respond to this action?

9. The Tenure of Office Act
The Freedman’s Bureau 1865
It provided freed slaves and
poor whites:
Food
Medical assistance
Legal aid
Established schools
Supervised labor issues
Protected blacks from violence
The Civil Rights Act of 1866
1. How did Johnson respond to the Freeman’s Bureau?
He veto it
2. How did The Radical Republicans respond?
They overrode Johnson’s Veto and passed the Civil Rights Act of 1866 and Passed the Tenure of Office Act.
3. What all did the Tenure of Office Act do regarding the President’s Participation within the Reconstructions plans?
It prevented him to interfere with Reconstruction plans & prevented the president from removing federal office holders without agreement from the Senate.
4. After the Radical Republicans vetoed Johnson they tried to have him removed from office, so they could have even more control over the executive branch powers, but what happened?
Their efforts failed by one vote in Congress.
Granted full civil rights to people of color
The Tenure of Office Act
Prevented the President from interfering with Congressional Reconstruction Plans.

10. Self Assessment 1. How did Johnson respond to the Freeman’s Bureau?
2. How did The Radical Republicans respond?
3. What all did the Tenure of Office Act do regarding the President’s Participation within the Reconstructions plans?
4. After the Radical Republicans vetoed Johnson they tried to have him removed from office, so they could have even more control over the executive branch powers, but what happened?

11. Three Civil War Amendments:
13th: Slavery was abolished permanently in the U.S.
14th: Defined citizenship and forced States to recognize rights of freedmen (due process of law).
15th: Voting rights were guaranteed regardless of “race, color, or previous condition of servitude” (former slaves)
1. Because of who’s efforts did the civil War Amendments come about?
The Radical Republicans

12. End of Reconstruction:
The end of the Reconstruction followed the close of the election of Rutherford Hayes in 1876
Radical Republicans agreed to end reconstruction & military occupation in exchange for their presidential candidate of their choosing
This agreement was known as the “Compromise of 1877”
End of Reconstruction:
1. What was the Agreement that ended the military occupation of the South?
The Compromise of 1877
2. Who became president after Lincoln was assassinated all the way up till Hayes?
Johnson, Grant, & Hayes

13. Effects on Freed Slaves:
Temporary political gains and no economic gains.
Opened the door to the “Jim Crow Era”
Segregation laws and economic laws were passed to keep freedmen in a separate an lower class
Grandfather clause, poll taxes and literacy tests were used to prevent African Americans living in the South from voting!
1. Essentially what did the role of the Radical Republicans have on the south socially?
They caused Southern Whites to resent people of color in the South and caused many of the “social” laws or segregation to be passed.
2. What as the purpose of the Jim Crow laws and Black Codes?
To keep people of color socially below that of whites

14. Self Assessment
1. Essentially what did the role of the Radical Republicans have on the south socially?
2. What as the purpose of the Jim Crow laws and Black Codes?
3. What were the 3 Jim Crow Laws?

15. View of Segregation in South
Resistance to Radical Republicans leads to Social Rebellion
Exodusters: leaving for a better life
Because Reconstruction did not work as it was intended, most moderate Republicans shifted their views towards those held by the Radical Republicans, thus the South responded through resistance:
What organization began to rise as the Social group that would maintain the Social Order of the Old South?
The Ku Klux Klan or KKK
2. What were the Black Codes?
It focused on separate public facilities for people of Color and Whites
3. What were Jim Crow Laws?
They focused on preventing people of color from voting
Controversial film showing rise of “Jim Crow” South
View of Segregation in South

16. Self Assessment
Because Reconstruction did not work as it was intended, most moderate Republicans shifted their views towards those held by the Radical Republicans, thus the South responded through resistance:
What organization began to rise as the Social group that would maintain the Social Order of the Old South?
2. What were the Black Codes?
3. What were Jim Crow Laws?