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Unit E, Chapter 3, Section 1, pE76-77

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1 Unit E, Chapter 3, Section 1, pE76-77
Energy Unit E, Chapter 3, Section 1, pE76-77

2 Energy Energy Energy: ability to cause changes in matter
Objects, with energy can apply forces (push or pull) Present around us in many forms Electrical Sound Light Mechanical, etc. Changes from form to form Electrical energy changes to light energy Mechanical energy changes to thermal energy

3 Potential and Kinetic Energy
Kinetic energy: energy of motion Can exert a force on matter in contact with it Faster moving object = greater kinetic energy Greater kinetic energy = greater force exerted So …faster moving objects exert __?__ forces on objects Potential energy: energy due to position (or condition) of an object Takes energy to lift an object Force of gravity pulling down Energy is “stored” in the object Greater

4 Potential and Kinetic Energy
Law of conservation of energy: the total amount of energy is a system is always the same – energy cannot be created or destroyed Object lifted up: Greater the elevation (height) = greater potential energy More potential energy object has More energy can be changed to kinetic energy As an object drops: Potential energy is changed to kinetic energy Height decreases so potential energy decreases Force of gravity causes the object’s speed to increase so kinetic energy increases

5 Potential and Kinetic Energy
As an object rises in the air: Height increases so potential energy increases Gravity causes the object’s speed to decrease so kinetic energy decreases Kinetic energy is changed to potential energy Law of conservation of energy Ball stops rising No kinetic energy Greatest potential energy

6 Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy depends on the mass of objects
Bowling ball vs. tennis ball Both traveling at 20 km/hr (12 mi/hr) Which one will cause more changes to matter? Why? Bowling Ball – It has more mass

7 Potential Energy Potential energy depends on the mass of objects
Energy cannot be created or destroyed Moving objects with more mass = more kinetic energy Objects with more mass (same height) = more potential energy

8 Potential and Kinetic Energy
Pendulum Investigation What do these two diagrams show?

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