1. ESL I US History (Reconstruction to the Present) Study for End of Course Exam Topics 8-11 K. Gonzalez

2. Topics 8-11 are due at the end of the period on Tuesday 11/19

3. Standard: 9-12 1-B.3 Analyze the United States’ expanding role in the world during the late 19 th and 20 th centuries, to include the following: b. expanding influence in the western hemisphere (Examples: the Panama Canal, Roosevelt corollary added to the Monroe doctrine, the “big stick” policy, “dollar diplomacy”) Objectives: Students will understand how the Monroe policy influenced the US role in world politics. Topic 8:The Late 19 th and 20 th Century

4. The Panama Canal The Panama Canal is an important route for ships which connects the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. It was controlled by the US until 1999 when control was turned over to Panama. France began building it, but the US took over in 1904 and finished it in 1914. Make an index study card for:

5. The Monroe Doctrine In 1832, in a statement to Congress, President Monroe warned European powers not to interfere with the internal affairs of countries in the Western Hemisphere. He said European powers should not attempt to create new colonies or overthrow newly independent countries (which had previously been colonies). These principles of non- involvement in the affairs of other countries became known as the Monroe doctrine and influenced US policy in the world for more than a century. Make an index study card for:

6. The Roosevelt corollary added to the Monroe Doctrine President Roosevelt added the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe doctrine in 1904. It said that the US could intervene in Latin America in cases of “flagrant and chronic wrongdoing by a Latin American Nation.” He added this policy because the US had invested a lot of money in Latin America and he was concerned that problems in Latin American counties would cause the US to loose money. Make an index study card for:

7. Why was the Roosevelt corollary added to the Monroe Doctrine? The US had invested a lot of money in Latin America and there was concern that problems in Latin American counties would cause the US to loose money. The Roosevelt corollary allowed the US to use force to protect its economic interests in Latin America. Make an index study card for:

8. The “Big Stick” Policy This refers to Roosevelt’s policy in Latin America to “speak softly and carry a big stick.” In other words, talk and negotiate but at the same time, use the threat of force to get what you want. Make an index study card for:

9. “Dollar Diplomacy” A government policy that encourages foreign financial investments and protects the government and citizens who make those investments. This means that foreign policy is determined by money. It was used a lot in Latin America in the decades after Roosevelt was president. Make an index study card for:

10. How did Teddy Roosevelt go about gaining access to building the Panama Canal? Answer question. Make an index study card for:

11. Standard: 9-12 1-B.3 Analyze the United States’ expanidn role in the world during the late 19 th and 20 th centuries, to include the following: c. events that led to the United States’ involvement in World War I; United states’ rationale for entry into World War I and impact on military process, public opinion and policy. Objectives: Students will understand the events and issues that resulted in the US entry into WWI. Students will understand key characteristics of WWI Topic 9:The Late 19 th and 20 th Century

12. What were the names of the two sides in WWI and what were the main countries were on each side? The Allied Forces (England, France, Russia, and US) The Central Powers (Germany, Austria, Hungary) Make an index study card for:

13. Causes of World War I See text pages 372-373 NIMA N ationalism I mperialism M ilitarism A lliance System Make an index study card for:

14. Events that led to the US’s involvement in WWI 1.Germany blockade of Britain and the Sinking of the Lusitania (Discuss) 2.The Zimmerman Note (discuss) 3.Russian monarchy replaced with a representative government (See text pages 379-380) Make an index study card for:

15. US rational for entry into WWI Before the US joined WWI, it had been trading with the Allied and Central Powers. However, the US had more financial interest in the Allied forces. If the Allied forces lost, the US would lose a lot of money. Make an index study card for:

16. Write an essay which discusses why the US became involved in WW 1. Describe the relationships among political/economic interests and events.

17. Rationing in WWI (and WWII) What is rationing? Why was it necessary? What kinds of things were rationed? (WWII, see text page 568) Make an index study card for:

18. Trench warfare in WWI Describe what is was. Make an index study card for:

19. Explain the statement “WWI was the first mechanized war” World War I was the first war to rely on machines (such as tanks and airplanes) powered by gasoline and diesel engines. Also used were new weapons like machine guns, poison gas, and grenades. This changed the nature of war. (Read text pages 384 – 385) Make an index study card for:

20. Standard: 9-12 1-B.3 Analyze the United States’ expanding role in the world during the late 19 th and 20 th centuries, to include the following: d. Untied States’ mobilization in World War I (Examples: its impact on politics, economics, and society) Objectives: Students will describe the United States’ impact on the outcome of Word War I. Topic 10:The Late 19 th and 20 th Century

21. What was the United States’ impact on the outcome of WWI? Describe what is was. Make an index study card for:

22. Standard: 9-12 1-B.3 Analyze the United States’ expanidn role in the world during the late 19 th and 20 th centuries, to include the following: e. United States’ impact on the outcome of World War I; United States’ role in settling the peace (Examples: Woodrow Wilson, treaty of Versailles, league of nations, Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, Sr.) Objectives: Students will understand the role of the US in settling the peace after World War I. Topic 11:The Late 19 th and 20 th Century

23. Woodrow Wilson Woodrow Wilson was president from 1913 to 1921. As president, he pursued progressive reform that included the establishment of the Federal Reserve and Federal Trade Commission. He was president during World War I (1914- 1918). He was an advocate for democracy and world peace. Wilson tried to keep the US out of WW I but finally asked Congress to declare war on Germany in 1917. After the war, he helped negotiate a peace treaty that included a plan for the League of Nations. Make an index study card for:

24. “The Fourteen Points” The Fourteen Points was Woodrow Wilson’s plan for world peace. See page 399 in text. Make an index study card for:

25. Watch the video clip about the Treaty of Versailles http://www.history.com/topics/treaty-of- versailles/videos#treaty-of-versailles-end- world-war-i http://www.history.com/topics/treaty-of- versailles/videos#treaty-of-versailles-end- world-war-i

26. Treaty of Versailles The Treaty of Versailles was signed at the Paris Peace Conference on June 28, 1919. It was one of the peace treaties that ended the World War I. It ended the war between Germany and the Allied Powers. Make an index study card for:

27. How did the terms of the Treaty of Versailles contribute to the German nationalism and the start of World War II? Answer question. Make an index study card for:

28. League of Nations The League of Nations was an organization of international governments which was formed during the Paris Peace Conference. It’s principal mission was to maintain world peace. Make an index study card for:

29. Senator Henry Cabot Lodge Lodge opposed president Wilson throughout World War I. Lodge wanted the US to enter World War I before Wilson did so. He attacked Wilson’s policies during the war. He opposed the Treaty of Versailles because it did not call for the unconditional surrender of Germany. He did not want the US to join the League of Nations—and it never did. Make an index study card for: