1. “Bleeding Kansas”

2. Bleeding Kansas Starts N & S race to fill Kansas with “voters” for each side March 1855  election “Border ruffians” from Missouri [slave state] Voted illegally

3. The Attack on Lawrence Antislavery settlers founded town of Lawrence Proslavery grand jury wanted the settlers arrested May 21, 1856 – proslavery group destroys all of Lawrence 2 printing presses Looted houses & stores Set antislavery HQ aflame

4. The Pottawatomie Massacre John Brown Infuriated over the sack of Lawrence May 24 – went to Pottawatomie Creek Pulled 5 men out of bed, cut off their hands and stabbed them

5. Bleeding KS John Brown and Pott. Massacre trigger several killings ~200 people die following Brown incident

6. The Sumner-Brooks Incident Charles Sumner = “The Crime Against Kansas” Attacked slavery supporters Made personal attacks towards Andrew Butler Butler = slurred speech, proslavery Preston Brooks [Butler’s Nephew] Beats Sumner

7. Harpers Ferry Oct 16, 1859, Virginia (now WV) John Brown, again Believed that it was time for a slave uprising Intended to take over the federal arsenal & arm slaves with weapons Led small group of men, more white than black 60 men held hostage by Brown, thought slaves would involve themselves No slaves intervened US Marines – Robert E. Lee – arrest Brown

8. The end of Brown December 2, 1859 Hanged for high treason Northerners regarded Brown a martyr Southerners now afraid of potential slave uprising organized by Northerners