1. World War II Unit 5 Ms. Hunt RMS IB 2012-2013

2. World War I Treaty Effects 1)Germany had to admit guilt in starting the war. 2)Germany lost territory and all overseas colonies 3) French troops would be stationed in part of Germany for 15 years. 4)No tanks, war planes, heavy artillery, large ships or submarines were allowed (aka NO MILITARY) 5)Germany was to pay reparations ($5 billion in cash immediately, and $33 billion in gold over the next 66 years)

3. Germany’s Reaction Felt treaty was unfair to Germany Germany did not believed they lost the war because of no invasion into Germany or damage to German cities Changed to a 1 party system- Nazi Party – German Chancellor Adolph Hitler

4. Effects on Germany’s Economy High Inflation because of reparations German government printed more money to pay off debt. Inflation- The rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising, and, subsequently, purchasing power is falling. Example – 1914- $1.00 = 4.2 GERMAN MARKS. – 1923- $1.00 = 4,200,000,000,000 GERMAN MARKS!

5. Hitler’s Response Hitler refused to be controlled by the regulations of the Treaty of Versailles. – Rebuilt army – Demanded land from other European countries – Stopped paying reparations – Made allies with Italy and Japan- Axis Powers Appeasement- Nations allowed Germany to do what they wished in order to avoid another war. Munich Conference of 1938- Germany promised not to take anymore territory – Did not last! Germany invaded Czechoslovakia and Poland causing Great Britain and France to declare war

6. Germany Brings Nations to War Battle of Britain, Summer 1940 – Constant attacks on the cities of England – Damage to civilian homes and military bases Invasion of the Soviet Union- Resulted in alliance ending and Soviet Union declaring war on Germany

8. U.S. Enters World War II December 7 th, 1941- Japan leads the attack on Pearl Harbor – United States stopped sending oil reserves to Japan and remained neutral prior to the attack – Resulted in the U.S. declaring war on Japan, soon after Germany declared war on the U.S. *Allies Powers- Britain, France, United States, Russia *Axis Powers- Germany, Italy, Japan

10. Theaters of War War in Europe Trench Warfare New Technology Battle of the Bulge- 1944- 1945 – “Last stand of the German army” War in the Pacific Island Hopping- strategy of quickly capturing islands throughout the Pacific territory Used to gain dominance in area Battle of Midway- June 1942 – Stopped Japanese advance in the Pacific, changed the course of the war

11. The End of WWII in Europe D-Day- June 6 th, 1944 – Allied ships carried forces across the English Channel to invade Normandy. – Allowed for the Allies to launch an attack on the German forces in Europe Hitler knew he had lost in April of 1945 and committed suicide V-E Day- May 7 th, 1945 – Victory in Europe Day

13. The End of WWII in the Pacific U.S. President Harry S. Truman had to decide whether to risk more American lives or to drop the Atomic Bomb… Truman requested the Japanese to surrender or to face “prompt and utter destruction” – Japanese did not respond August 6 th, 1945- Hiroshima was bombed, killing between 80,000- 120,000 instantly August 15 th, 1945- Nagaski was bombed and the Japanese surrendered.

15. Effects of the War Death toll- 55 million people died during WWII – Soldiers, citizens, and victims of genocide Creation of the United Nations (UN) – Purpose- to keep peace – Security Council would investigate international problems and provide solutions Nuremburg Trails – Members of Nazi party and military were tried by an Allied Powers court – Accused of “pursuing aggressive warfare” and “crimes against humanity” – Purpose- to show the world these crimes will not go unpunished