2. Pennsylvania Fish Species 160 Native to PA Study of fish biology: Ichthyology

3. General Classification Spiny-rayed fish Hard, sometimes sharp spines in dorsal fin Ex. Yellow Perch

4. General Classification Soft-rayed fish Dorsal fin is without hard spines Usually have only 1 dorsal fin Adipose fin: small, fatty fin near caudal fin Ex. Trout

5. General Characteristics Ectothermic: temperature of surroundings affects internal temperature and functions Temperature of water is the main determinant of what species you will find in a given body of water 3 main groups: Cold water-< 70 degrees F Cool water-- > 60 <80 degrees F Warm water-- > 80 degrees F

6. General Characteristics Some of the temperature ranges may overlap Water temperature and dissolved oxygen are related Higher water temperature, Lower DO Lower water temperature, Higher DO

7. Channel Catfish

8. Channel Cat

9. Northern Hogsucker

11. Muskellunge

12. MUSKY

13. Brook Trout

15. Brown Trout

16. Brown Trout

17. Rainbow Trout

18. Rainbow Trout

19. Pumpkinseed Sunfish

20. Pumpkinseed

21. Bluegill

22. Bluegill

23. Black Crappie

24. Crappie

25. Largemouth Bass

28. Yellow Perch

30. Walleye

32. Striped Bass ( Temperate Bass Family )

33. Striped Bass

34. Carp

36. Creek Chub

37. Creek Chub

38. Bluntnose Minnow

40. American Eel

41. American Eel

42. Paddlefish

44. Fish Adaptations: Scales Hard, sometimes colorful, overlapping plates Provides protection from predators and disease/ infection

45. 4 Types of Scales 1. Placoid: rectangular base, under the skin, spines project to the surface of the skin New scales are added, do not grow with the fish Examples: sharks, skates, rays

46. Shark: Placoid Scales

47. Skate: Placoid Scales

48. Ray: Placoid Scales

49. 4 Types of Scales 2. Ganoid: rhombus shape, connected by peg and socket joints Do not grow with fish, new ones are added Examples: Gar, Paddlefish, Sturgeon

50. Longnose Gar: Ganoid Scales Garpike

51. Sturgeon: Ganoid Scales

52. Paddlefish: Ganoid Scales

53. 4 Types of Scales 3. Ctenoid: overlapping, allow great maneuverability as fish bends Grows with fish, found in spiny rayed fish

54. Ctenoid Scales

55. 4 Types of Scales 4. Cycloid: same as ctenoid functions Smooth margin, soft-rayed fish Grows with fish

56. Cycloid Scales: Catfish

57. REVIEW Compete back of note sheet Give different examples for the top 2 2 minutes!!!! GO!!!