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words that make a sentence more meaningful

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Presentation on theme: "words that make a sentence more meaningful"— Presentation transcript:

1 words that make a sentence more meaningful
Chapter 5 C O M P L E ME N T S words that make a sentence more meaningful

2 COMPLEMENT A word or word group that COMPLETES the meaning of a VERB
The COMPLEMENT answers a specific question and gives more information STRATEGY Find the verb Ask : verb ….WHAT? The answer is a complement (noun or pronoun)

3 that word is called the object of the preposition
BE CAREFUL A complement is never part of a prepositional phrase that word is called the object of the preposition An adverb is never a complement because an adverb answers where, when, why, how (not ‘what’)

4 wallet completes the meaning of the verb found
Examples My aunt found a wallet. Verb = found found WHAT? wallet wallet completes the meaning of the verb found

5 Adverbs are NOT complements
The koala chews slowly. Find the verb= chews Chews WHAT? NO ANSWER Chews “how”- slowly = adverb

6 NOT in a prepositional phrases
Hannah is riding to her friend’s house. Verb= is riding Is riding WHAT? NO ANSWER Is riding- where?= to her friends house house is the object of the preposition ‘house’

7 DIRECT OBJECTS Complete the meaning of a TRANSITIVE VERB
Remember the action passes directly Tells who or what received the action DIRECT OBJECTS answer the questions: WHOM or WHAT after the verb

8 EXAMPLES My brother bought a model. Verb= bought
Bought WHAT ?= model Model is the direct object receiving the action from bought Corey studied Mother Teresa in history class. Verb= studied Studied WHOM?= Mother Teresa Mother Teresa is the direct object receiving the action from studied

9 Compound Direct Objects
A sentence can have more than one direct object She needed glue, paint , and decals for her model. Verb=needed Needed WHAT? glue, paint, decals DIRECT OBJECTS cannot follow LINKING VERBS linking verbs do not show action

10 INDIRECT OBJECTS A complement that completes the meaning of a TRANSITIVE VERB Works with a direct object Indirect objects cannot be in the sentence alone ANSWERS the questions To WHOM? For WHOM? To WHAT? For WHAT? the action of the verb is done

11 EXAMPLES Verb= bought Bought what?=peanuts
Dad bought himself some peanuts. Verb= bought Bought what?=peanuts Bought peanuts FOR WHOM?= himself himself= indirect object of the verb bought Luke sent David a letter. Verb= sent sent what?=letter Sent letter TO WHOM? = David David = indirect object of the verb sent

12 MORE EXAMPLES I gave that problem some thought. Verb= gave
gave what?=thought Gave thought TO WHAT? = problem Problem = indirect object of the verb gave Mary baked the school a lot of cookies. Verb= baked baked what?=cookies Baked cookies FOR WHAT? = school school = indirect object of the verb baked

13 COMPOUND INDIRECT OBJECTS
If the word “FOR” is used, the noun or pronoun that follows is in a prepositional phrase , there is NO DIRECT OBJECT The ship’s captain gave orders to the crew. (prep phrase) And no indirect object exists Indirect objects can be compound Lucy gave Linus and Snoopy a treat. Gave what? Treat Gave treat to WHOM? Linus and Snoopy (compound indirect object)

14 SUBJECT COMPLEMENTS A word or word group IN THE PREDICATE (part of the verb) that identifies or describes the subject. Connected by a linking verb Not action verbs TWO KINDS of subject complements Predicate Nominative Predicate Adjective

15 PREDICATE NOMINATIVE A word or word group in the predicate that IDENTIFIES or REFERS to the subject. May be a noun, pronoun, or a word that functions as a noun Connect by a linking verb EXAMPLE Seaweed is algae. Linking verb = is Algae refers to seaweed Algae is the predicate nominative (it renames or identifies seaweed)

16 BE CAREFUL Do not mistake a direct object for a predicate nominative.
Direct objects need action verbs My brother admired the acrobat. Predicate nominatives are connected by a linking verb My brother became an acrobat.

17 PREDICATE NOMINATIVES
Can be compound Is the shark a fish or a mammal? Linking verb = is “fish, mammal” are predicate nominatives rename shark

18 PREDICATE ADJECTIVE A word or word group in the predicate that DESCRIBES the subject. Connected to the subject by a linking verb EXAMPLES I was very tired. Linking verb = was ‘tired’ describes the subject I The blanket felt soft and fuzzy. Linking verb = felt ‘soft, fuzzy’ describes the subject blanket (compound)


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