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Ch 4 Social Structure
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What is social structure
Network of interrelated statuses and roles that guide human interaction Status-socially defined position in a group or society (ascribed, achieved, & master Role- behavior expected of someone occupying a particular status
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Status Ascribed Status- according to qualities beyond a person’s control ex. Race, family heritage, gender, age NOT abilities, efforts or accomplishments Achieved Status- status one achieves through their own efforts Includes skills, knowledge, & ability Example: high school graduate , parent, husband, athlete Master Status-greatest role in shaping a person’s life & determining their identity can be ascribed or achieved can change through the course of one’s life
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Roles: You occupy a status but you play a role
Reciprocal role- corresponding role that define the pattern of interaction between related status Ex. Coach-athlete, teacher-student, father-son Can you think of more? Role expectations Doctor Parent Police officer Role performance Role Conflict Role strain
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Roles: You occupy a status but you play a role
Reciprocal role- corresponding role that define the pattern of interaction between related status Ex. Coach-athlete, teacher-student, father-son Can you think of more? Role expectations Doctor- treat patients with care and skill Parent-provide emotional and physical security to child Police officer-uphold the law Role performance-doesn’t always live up to the expectation Role Conflict -occurs between statuses Ex . Your role as a worker conflicts with your role as a student Role strain- when a person has a difficult meeting the expectations of a single status
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What are the basic needs of society? Physical & emotional support
Social Institutions: system of statuses, roles, values and norms that is organized to satisfy one or more of the basic needs of Society What are the basic needs of society? Physical & emotional support Transmitting knowledge Producing goods and services Maintaining social control
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Ex. Of social institutions
Family Economy Politics, Education Religion Also media, medicine & science
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Types of social interaction
Exchange- -most basic and common -Reciprocity –the idea of owing something in return Competition- -Causes advancement in business, school & sports -Can lead to stress, lack of cooperation , inequality & conflict Conflict -Wars, disagreements within groups, legal disputes, clashes over ideology Cooperation Accommodation Neither cooperate or conflict ex. Compromise, truce, mediation, arbitration
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