1. Things or behaviors in various forms that exist in all societies.
Cultural Universals
Things or behaviors in various forms that exist in all societies.

2. The 9 Cultural Universals
1. Material:
Artifacts made by groups of people
Food
Clothing and adornment
Tools and weapons
Housing and shelter
Household articles
Ritual items
Personal possessions

3. The 9 Cultural Universals
2. Social Organization
the ways that a group of people organize themselves in groups in order to function
Families
Kinship systems
Clans
City-States
Nations

4. The 9 Cultural Universals
3. Social Control/Institutions: long-lasting ways of doing things that are important to people’s well-being.
Marriage/Family
Religion
Education
Government/military
Legal and penal system
Hospitals
Markets/Business/Corporations

5. The 9 Cultural Universals
4. Language:
the use of a set of symbols, spoken or written, to communicate ideas and feelings.
Nonverbal
Verbal
Written
Symbols

6. The 9 Cultural Universals
5. Arts, Play, & Recreation
the ways that a people express themselves creatively.
Fine Arts:
Drawing, painting, etc.
Performing Arts:
Acting, dancing, etc
Architecture
Standards of beauty & taste

7. The 9 Cultural Universals
6. Environment:
conditions that influence lives of a group of people.
What does the environment in which we live affect?
Human-Environment Interactions

8. The 9 Cultural Universals
7. Economy:
the production (making), distribution (selling), and consumption (using) of goods and services.
Jobs
Goods/services
Movement of goods/services
Trade/exchange

9. The 9 Cultural Universals
Education:
How a society teaches its values and traditions
Informal
Formal

10. The 9 Cultural Universals
9. World View/Beliefs:
something a group of people believe to be true.
Religion
Politics
Norms
Ethics
Values

11. Culture Vocabulary
Culture: a complete way of life of people share similar customs and beliefs and pass on to their children.
Customs: a common way of doing something among a group of people.
Society: a group of people who share a common culture.

12. Vocab…
Social Structure; the ways in which people are organized into smaller groups, each having its own particular task.
Socialization: the process of learning to be part of a culture or society.
Norm: a culture’s standards of behavior or rule that a member of a society is supposed to live by.

13. Vocab…
Ethics: the standards or code of moral behavior that distinguishes between right and wrong.
Value: an object, idea, or belief that a culture considers very important.
Economy: system in which goods and services are produced and distributed.

14. Vocab… Language: the way human beings pass on their culture.
Extended family: family with grandparents, aunts, uncles, grown children, parents, and small children living together.
Nuclear family: family of parents and their children living together.

15. Vocab… Role: the function of a person in a society.
Status: the degree of importance we have in society.
Icon: an image or figure that represents something (like a nation’s flag).