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Traveling Through Six Kingdoms
An Introduction to the Three Domains/ Six Kingdoms of Life Martin 2011
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Characteristics of Life
All living things have CELLS: All living things respond to their environment All Living things reproduce All living things use energy All living things grow and develop All living things adapt through evolution
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Two Types of Cells Prokaryote Simple cells DNA not in nucleus
Eukaryote Complex cells DNA in nucleus
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Prokaryotes: Two Domains, Two Kingdoms
Domain: Archaea Kingdome:Archaebacteria Domain: Bacteria Domain: Eubacteria
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Kingdom Archeabacteria
May be the oldest form of life: lived billion years ago Most live in extreme places similar to our young Earth: deep sea vents, boiling mud around volcanoes, very salty water (Dead Sea), acidic water Extremophiles
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Specs: Unicellular: One cell Prokaryote: DNA is not in a nucleus
Most are Heterotrophs ; a few are Autotrophs Asexual reproduction
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Kingdom: Eubacteria Live all around us, in us, and on us
Most are very useful: Break down waste Make cheese and yogurt Make Vitamin K Make Oxygen A few cause disease
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Specs Unicellular : one cell Prokaryote: DNA is not in a nucleus
Most are Heterotroph; a few are Autotrophs Live under “normal” conditions Chemical composition is very different form Archeabacteria: Different type of DNA Asexual reproduction
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Let’s Look at a Few Shapes
Cocci Bacilli Spirilla (round) (rod) (spiral)
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Domain Eukarya : Four Kingdoms
Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia
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Kingdom: Protista The “Leftover” Kingdom Plant-like Animal-like
Fungus-like
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Specs **Unicellular OR Multicellular Eukaryote: DNA is in a nucleus
**Heterotrophs and Autotrophs **Asexual AND sexual reproduction **most common
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A Peep into Kingdom Protista
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Kingdom Fungi Mushrooms, molds and mildews Most are useful
(food, decomposers) A few cause disease: Athlete’s foot Ringworm Serious plant diseases
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Specs Most are Multicellular Eukaryotes: DNA is in a nucleus
ALL are Heterotrophs Decomposers (dead material) Parasites (living material) Asexual AND **Sexual reproduction
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Kingdom Plantae From tiny Mosses to
giant Redwood trees, all plants use Photosynthesis to obtain energy
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Specs ALL are Multicellular Eukaryotes: DNA is in a nucleus
ALL are Autotrophs Contain Chlorophyll (green pigment) for Photosynthesis **Sexual and asexual reproduction
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Kingdom Animalia Most animals can MOVE to find food
(at least during part of their life cycle) All animals must EAT Carnivore (Animals/ meat) Herbivore (Plants) Omnivore (Both plant and animal) Detritivore (Dead material) Parasites (Living material)
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Specs ALL are Multicellular Eukaryotes: DNA is in a nucleus
ALL are Heterotrophs Most Move **Sexual and asexual reproduction
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The Animal Kingdom at a Glance
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Thank you for visiting the Six Kingdoms of Life
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