1. From 2005-Present

4.  Intergroup- Palestinians fighting amongst themselves- (Hamas v. Fatah)  International- Both Palestinians in Gaza and the Israelis have allies internationally and support the conflict through $$$ and arms ◦ Iran, Turkey, Arab countries (less since Arab Spring) ◦ US, EU, Canada and Israel consider Hamas a terrorist organization  Transboundary-they are fighting over a border

5.  Conflict over Resources: they are fighting over control of land Palestine/Israel  Conflict over Values: Religion and the ties to the land are significant for both sides  Conflict over Psychological needs: Palestinians want the right to “self- determination”- ◦ Self-Determination is the right of a people to govern itself and chose the political and legal status of the territory it occupies (Evans 497).

6.  In biblical terms the Muslims and the Jews are both Children of Abraham  Relationship is characterized as hostile, suspicious, and emotionally tense  There is a tremendous power imbalance (Israel is militarily and economically stronger)  There is also an interdependence- Gaza is reliant on Israel for supplies being let into the territory

7.  Currently a positive relationship is not valued-Hamas’ charter seeks to destroy Israel  “There is no solution to the Palestinian problem except by Jihad. The initiatives, proposals and International Conferences are but a waste of time, an exercise in futility. The Palestinian people are too noble to have their future, their right and their destiny submitted to a vain game” (Article 13 Hamas Charter).

8.  Article 16 The Jihad for the liberation of Palestine is an individual duty  While there are cultural similarities-the relationship is extremely hostile

9.  CNN Timeline CNN Timeline  http://www.cnn.com/2012/11/20/world/tim eline-gaza-israel-conflict/ http://www.cnn.com/2012/11/20/world/tim eline-gaza-israel-conflict/

10.  There is a pattern of engagement usually through direct force  These periods are met with attempts to diffuse the conflict such as cease-fires  Goldstone report and its subsequent retraction is an example of data gathering  In periods of calm the parties use avoidance