1. Identification of usable exits IISU2 Béatrice Quenin, SFACT, DGAC France Research and Experience Feedback Office Béatrice Quenin, SFACT, DGAC France Research and Experience Feedback Office Direction Générale Aviation Civile Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference - November 15-18, 2004 - Lisbon

2. Contents  Research program Background (IISU).  IISU 2 : introduction.  IISU 2 : Results.  IISU 2 : Proposals.  Research program Background (IISU).  IISU 2 : introduction.  IISU 2 : Results.  IISU 2 : Proposals. Direction Générale Aviation Civile Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference -November 15-18, 2004 - Lisbon

3. Research program background (IISU)  Aim of this study: To propose solutions improving: The identification of usable emergency exits. The communication between occupants. The guidance of passengers toward the exits.  Aim of this study: To propose solutions improving: The identification of usable emergency exits. The communication between occupants. The guidance of passengers toward the exits. Direction Générale Aviation Civile Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference -November 15-18, 2004 - Lisbon

4. Research program background (IISU)  Tasks to be improved in the evacuation process: Evacuation decision. Understanding of the situation (passenger, cabin crew, cockpit status…). Preparation of evacuation. Order evacuation. Decide on the exits to be used. Guidance of the passenger.  Tasks to be improved in the evacuation process: Evacuation decision. Understanding of the situation (passenger, cabin crew, cockpit status…). Preparation of evacuation. Order evacuation. Decide on the exits to be used. Guidance of the passenger. Direction Générale Aviation Civile Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference -November 15-18, 2004 - Lisbon

5. Research program background (IISU)  Propositions of solutions : CAMERA : provides real time image of the aircraft external conditions to flight crew. CHECK (CHeck Exit and Communicate Knowledge): provides cabin crew with the contextual status of the usability of all aircraft exits. SOUND : A sound is emitted by loudspeaker. The directional sound emitted attracts passengers to usable exits. HEADSET : enables several users to communicate with one another, very helpful in darkness and smoke conditions. SPYHOLE : provides cabin crew with an increased range of visibility concerning aircraft external conditions and enable him to determine, from within the cabin, the presence of obstacle or fire in the vicinity of his emergency exit.  Propositions of solutions : CAMERA : provides real time image of the aircraft external conditions to flight crew. CHECK (CHeck Exit and Communicate Knowledge): provides cabin crew with the contextual status of the usability of all aircraft exits. SOUND : A sound is emitted by loudspeaker. The directional sound emitted attracts passengers to usable exits. HEADSET : enables several users to communicate with one another, very helpful in darkness and smoke conditions. SPYHOLE : provides cabin crew with an increased range of visibility concerning aircraft external conditions and enable him to determine, from within the cabin, the presence of obstacle or fire in the vicinity of his emergency exit. Direction Générale Aviation Civile Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference -November 15-18, 2004 - Lisbon

6. IISU2 : Introduction  This study follows the IISU project.  Aim of these experiments : to assess the possible improvement of CHECK and SOUND technologies in the evacuation process.  8 trials were carried out at Cranfield University.  This study follows the IISU project.  Aim of these experiments : to assess the possible improvement of CHECK and SOUND technologies in the evacuation process.  8 trials were carried out at Cranfield University. Direction Générale Aviation Civile Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference -November 15-18, 2004 - Lisbon

7. IISU2 : Results. SOUND H1.1: SOUND will not disturb CC when shouting their instructions to passengers.  Cabin crew point of view : SOUND is useful for CC at a blocked door, if it is switched off at his door, to identify usable exists. SOUND induces an additional workload. SOUND is too loud when door opened. CC have to stop shouting to listen.  Passenger point of view : SOUND is an alternative mean to find their way out even if it could be a competing resource compared to CC voices. H1.1: SOUND will not disturb CC when shouting their instructions to passengers.  Cabin crew point of view : SOUND is useful for CC at a blocked door, if it is switched off at his door, to identify usable exists. SOUND induces an additional workload. SOUND is too loud when door opened. CC have to stop shouting to listen.  Passenger point of view : SOUND is an alternative mean to find their way out even if it could be a competing resource compared to CC voices. Direction Générale Aviation Civile Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference -November 15-18, 2004 - Lisbon

8. IISU2 : Results. SOUND H1.2: SOUND will have a reassuring effect on passengers who feel less lost in the cabin.  SOUND system seems to provide a reassuring effect, even if some of them had difficulties to understand and use it. H1.2: SOUND will have a reassuring effect on passengers who feel less lost in the cabin.  SOUND system seems to provide a reassuring effect, even if some of them had difficulties to understand and use it. Direction Générale Aviation Civile Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference -November 15-18, 2004 - Lisbon

9. IISU2 : Results. SOUND  Synthesis : The major issue is the redundancy between SOUND and Cabin Crew, using the same sense (hearing). SOUND did prevent the CC from communicating with each other in the cabin.  Synthesis : The major issue is the redundancy between SOUND and Cabin Crew, using the same sense (hearing). SOUND did prevent the CC from communicating with each other in the cabin. Direction Générale Aviation Civile Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference -November 15-18, 2004 - Lisbon

10. IISU2 : Results. CHECK H 2.1: CC are going to better structure the evacuation process by enriching their situational awareness. CHECK enables to enrich situation awareness. It is possible to anticipate the expected passenger flow. CHECK induced an additional workload. H 2.2: With CHECK, CC will increase self confidence, with will allow them to be more assertive when guiding passengers. CHECK is a reliable/supporting/reassuring tool. H 2.1: CC are going to better structure the evacuation process by enriching their situational awareness. CHECK enables to enrich situation awareness. It is possible to anticipate the expected passenger flow. CHECK induced an additional workload. H 2.2: With CHECK, CC will increase self confidence, with will allow them to be more assertive when guiding passengers. CHECK is a reliable/supporting/reassuring tool. Direction Générale Aviation Civile Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference -November 15-18, 2004 - Lisbon

11. IISU2 : Results. SOUND and CHECK  Cabin Crew point of view: CHECK is a primary mean and SOUND is a secondary one.  Passenger point of view: The redundancy between SOUND and Cabin Crew, using the same sense, obliged passengers to choose one mean. The lack of an adapted phraseology for Cabin Crew is an other issue.  Cabin Crew point of view: CHECK is a primary mean and SOUND is a secondary one.  Passenger point of view: The redundancy between SOUND and Cabin Crew, using the same sense, obliged passengers to choose one mean. The lack of an adapted phraseology for Cabin Crew is an other issue. Direction Générale Aviation Civile Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference -November 15-18, 2004 - Lisbon

12. IISU2 : Proposals  Further studies should be done in order to assess: The real impact of SOUND on the evacuation duration. The impact of SOUND on the CCs’ ability to work as a team. The real impact of CHECK on the evacuation duration. The impact of a CHECK phraseology on passengers. The impact of a weaker induced workload.  Further studies should be done in order to assess: The real impact of SOUND on the evacuation duration. The impact of SOUND on the CCs’ ability to work as a team. The real impact of CHECK on the evacuation duration. The impact of a CHECK phraseology on passengers. The impact of a weaker induced workload. Direction Générale Aviation Civile Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference -November 15-18, 2004 - Lisbon

13. Identification of usable exits END Direction Générale Aviation Civile Fire and Cabin Safety Research Conference -November 15-18, 2004 - Lisbon Thank you for you attention.