1. Objective 14.01
What are the major parts of a plant including the anatomical parts
and what are the distinguishing characteristics of each?

2. Plant Parts
Leaves
Stems
Roots
Flowers

3. Leaves-External
Petiole-leaf stalk or part that connects the leaf to the stem
Blade-the large, flat part of the leaf
Midrib-the large center vein
Veins-the structural framework of the leaf
Margin-the edge of the leaf

4. Leaves-External

5. Leaves-Internal
Upper and lower epidermis-skin of the leaf that prevents the loss of too much moisture
Stomates-small openings under the leaf for breathing or transpiration
Guard Cells-open and close stomates

6. Leaves-Internal
Chloroplasts-small green particles that contain chlorophyll
gives leaves their green color
necessary for photosynthesis

7. Leaves-Internal

8. Leaves-Internal

9. Stems-External Lenticels-breathing pores
Bud scale scars-show where terminal buds have been located
Leaf Scars-show where leaves were attached
Terminal bud-bud on the end of a stem
Axillary or lateral bud-bud on side of stem

10. Stems-Internal
Xylem-tissue that transports water and nutrients up from the roots to stems and leaves
Phloem-tissue that transports food down from leaves to roots

11. Stems-Internal
Phloem
Phloem
Xylem

12. Stems-Internal
Cambium-thin, green, actively growing tissue located between bark and wood and produces all new stem cells
Bark-old inactive phloem
Heartwood-old inactive xylem
Sapwood-new active xylem

13. Stems-Internal
Bark
Cambium
Sapwood
Heartwood

14. Stems-Internal
Monocota-plant stems have vascular bundles that contain both xylem and phloem in each bundle
examples: corn, grasses
Dicata-plant stems have the phloem layer and xylem layer separated by cambium
example: trees

15. Stems-Internal
Monocot
Dicot

16. Roots-External Root cap-indicates growth of new cells
Root hairs-absorb moisture (water) and minerals
Root images from a rice plant

17. Roots-Internal
Much like stems in that they have a phloem, cambium, and xylem layer
Phloem-the outer layer that carries food down the root
Xylem-the inner layer that carries water and minerals up to the stem

18. Layers of Roots Fibrous-many branched shallow roots
are easier to transplant
Tap-long root with few branched ones
more difficult to transplant

19. Flowers
Sepals-Green parts that cover and protect flower bud before it opens
Petals-are really leaves that are modified to attract insects for flower pollination, the pretty part that we call flowers
Stamen-male part of the flower
Pistil-female part of the flower

20. Flowers

21. Parts of the Stamen Filament-short stalk that holds up the anther
Anther-a sac-like structure that contains pollen, the male sex cells

22. Parts of the Pistil
Ovules-the eggs or female sex cells that become seeds if fertilized
Ovary-if fertilized becomes a fruit or seed coat
Style-holds up the stigma and connects it to the ovary
Stigma-sticky part on top of style where insects leave pollen

23. Parts of the Pistil
Stigma
Style
Ovary

24. Complete-vs-Incomplete
Complete flowers have both male and female parts
Incomplete flowers have only male or female parts

25. What are the major parts of a plant including the anatomical parts and what are the distinguishing characteristics of each?