1. Chapter 1; Section 1 What is Science?

2. What Science Is and Is Not
Science is always _______________________.
Science is NOT just a collection of _______________________________facts.
Examples of science changing:
Pluto is changed to a dwarf planet
Depiction of dinosaurs
Genetics and gene therapy
changing
never-changing

3. What Science Is and Is Not
Science is an organized way of _____________ and ________________ evidence about the natural world.
Science is a process because it is a way of ____________, a way of _____________, and “a way of ______________” about the world.
gathering
analyzing
looking
thinking
knowing

4. events in the natural world
The Goals of Science
The goals of science are to give explanations for ___________________________, to understand ____________________, and to make ____________________.
events in the natural world
patterns
predictions

5. Scientific Methodology
There isn’t any ____________________ “scientific method.” There is a general process of investigation called scientific methodology. Scientific studies always begins with an ___________________. Observations lead to _____________________. Scientists use further observations to make _____________________________.
one or single
observation
new questions/problems
inferences

6. Examples of Inferences

7. Observations Inferences Fire Trees Smoke Brush Light Large fire
Deciduous trees
Conifers
hot
smells
daytime
dangerous
spreads
crackling, popping, and hissing
wind

8. What’s an Inference?
An inference is a logical conclusion based on experience and prior knowledge
Metal that is white and glowing = ??
Water that is in a beaker that is boiling = ??
Ice/snow outside = ??
Facial expressions

9. Observations
How do we observe??
Sight
Sound
Touch/Feel
Smell
Taste

11. What’s a Hypothesis?
A hypothesis is a scientific __________________ that can be __________. ***A hypothesis is NOT an educated guess***
explanation
tested

12. Designing Controlled Experiments
Testing a hypothesis involves an experiment that keeps track of ________________.
Only __________ variable is changed while all other variables should be unchanged or ______________________.
Controlling variables is important to an experiment because it shows which variable influenced the result of the experiment.
variables
one
controlled

13. The Control Group
An experiment is divided into _____________ and experimental groups.
A control group is necessary because…it provides data for comparison. It sets a base for comparison.
control

14. Collecting and Analyzing Data
Quantitative
_____________________________ data are numbers found by counting or measuring.
Examples:
_____________________________ data describe things that cannot be counted.
Experimental and controls groups are very _______________ because the larger the sample size, the more __________________ scientists are about their data analysis.
Qualitative
large
confident

15. Drawing Conclusions
Using data, scientists can ________________, _____________________, or draw a valid _______________________.
support/refute
change the hypothesis
conclusion

16. When Experiments are NOT Possible
____________________ keeps scientists from doing certain kinds of experiments.
Ethics are beliefs about what is _____________________________________.
Examples:
Animal experimentation
Genetic engineering
Cloning
Stem cell research
Ethics
right and/or wrong