1. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran 1 Entrepreneurship Devlopment in Iran June:2007 K.Akbari PhD studen Mälardalen university

2. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran2 Issues Issues 1-Historical Review 2-Entr. Waves 3-Tools for Entreprenurship Developement 4-Entrepreneurial Environment 5-National Innovation System(NIS) 6-Challenges and Solutions 7-Groups Discussion

3. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran3 1-Historical Review 1-Historical Review -New education -Why school? -Why university? -Work concept What is your opinion?(discussion)

4. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran4 2-Entrepereneurship Waves -General informations -Entre. Course -Small business growth(supported by gov.) -Incubators & parks

5. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran5 3-Tools for Entreprenurship Developement -Culture Culture -Education Education -Research & Development(R&D) -Organization Planning process Planning process 1-understanding where we are; 1-understanding where we are; 2-deciding where we want to go; 2-deciding where we want to go; 3-planning how to go there. 3-planning how to go there.

6. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran6 4-Entrepreneurial Environment -Economical-Social-Business -Financial support -....

7. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran7

8. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran8 5-National Innovation System(NIS) The National Innovation System (NIS, National System of Innovation) is the flow of technology and information among people, enterprises and institutions which is key to the innovative process on the national level. According to innovation system theory, innovation and technology development are results of a complex set of relationships among actors in the system, which includes enterprises, universities and government research institutes. innovation system theoryinnovation system theoryinnovation

9. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran9 A national system of innovation has been defined as follows:.. the elements and relationships which interact in the production, diffusion and use of new, and economically useful, knowledge... and are either located within or rooted inside the borders of a nation state. (Lundvall, 1992).. the elements and relationships which interact in the production, diffusion and use of new, and economically useful, knowledge... and are either located within or rooted inside the borders of a nation state. (Lundvall, 1992)... the national institutions, their incentive structures and their competencies, that determine the rate and direction of technological learning (or the volume and composition of change generating activities) in a country. (Patel and Pavitt, 1994)... the national institutions, their incentive structures and their competencies, that determine the rate and direction of technological learning (or the volume and composition of change generating activities) in a country. (Patel and Pavitt, 1994).. that set of distinct institutions which jointly and individually contribute to the development and diffusion of new technologies and which provides the framework within which governments form and implement policies to influence the innovation process. As such it is a system of interconnected institutions to create, store and transfer the knowledge, skills and artefacts which define new technologies. (Metcalfe, 1995).. that set of distinct institutions which jointly and individually contribute to the development and diffusion of new technologies and which provides the framework within which governments form and implement policies to influence the innovation process. As such it is a system of interconnected institutions to create, store and transfer the knowledge, skills and artefacts which define new technologies. (Metcalfe, 1995) source:wikipedia.com source:wikipedia.comwikipedia.com

10. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran10 Entrepreneurship activities/actions in Iran -before Revolution 1979(1357) -during 1981-89(1360-68) -during 1990-1999(1369-1378) -after 2000 up to now(1379-1386) -

11. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran11 Before Revolution 1979(1357) Formation of Private Sector Formation of Private Sector -Starting of more than 500 Entrepreneurs -Starting of more than 500 Entrepreneurs -One sample -One samplesample

12. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran12 During 1981 – 1989(1360-1368) -Developments were mainly by Government -SMEs Progress was Very Slow -Business Formation Rate was very Little -Iran was facing with Iraq war

13. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran13 Governmental Development Continue to Gain Private Sector Development was Starting to Grow Rapidly Establishing Private Banks, Private Insurance During 1990-1999(1369-1378)

14. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran14 After 2000-2007(1379-1386) Some of active Orgs. ACECR www.eshteghal.ir www.eshteghal.ir www.jobiran.com www.jobiran.comwww.jobiran.com Third 5-year programme(1378-1381) KARAD www.karad.sanjesh.ir www.karad.sanjesh.ir Universities: -Entre. Centres in Universities -Entre. Course Iran Small business and industerial towns www.iraniec.ir www.iraniec.ir Incubators&ParksIncubators&Parks www.incubators.ir www.incubators.ir Incubators&Parkswww.incubators.ir

15. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran15 IndusterilDev.&Renovation Org. www.idro.org www.idro.org 1.Helping Companies to Grow 2.Investment on High Tech Companies 3.Starting Big Projects 4.Financial Support of more than 200 small Business 5.Developing 10 SBDCs (small business development center) 6.Cooperating in Entrepreneurial Plans 7.Getting University Students Ideas & Helping them 8.Helping Entrepreneurs in Sale, Marketing, … 9.Finding Persian Books & Magazines & Articles (more than 3000) Related to Entrepreneurship After....

16. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran16 Ministry of Labor -Educating Some Technical Skills -$2500 to $4500 Loan for each new small Business Ministry of Labor Programs for Entrepreneurship: 1.Increasing Entrepreneurship Budget 2.Establishing 100,000 Small Business in Year Plan 3.Training Courses for Young Entrepreneurs 4.Increasing Loans & Supports 5.Supporting Marketing, Financial, Management, Legal needs for SMEs

17. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran17 6-Conclusion; Challenges&Solutions

18. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran18 Challenges Researches on Different Entrepreneurial Subjects Increasing Governmental Support on Entrepreneurs Developing Business towards better Competition & Stable Investment Environment Reinforcing Business Values & Ethics on Families, Schools & Universities as the core Center of Business Formation Therefore, Developing more business & Entrepreneurial Skills through Educational Systems Business Permission is Scattered among 17 Ministries

19. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran19 Challenges Challenges -More Coordination Between Educational & Industrial & Services Ministries -Training at least 100 Entrepreneurship Teachers -Increasing Yearly Entrepreneurship Festivals -Developing awareness Programs through Media Sectors -Publishing more Books about Entrepreneurship -Establishing more than 100 Entrepreneurship Consulting & Training Institutions

20. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran20 Statistical Number of Businesses Formation is Unknown Rate of Business Formation per year is Unknown Strategies of Development in Different Sectors such as Industries, Services, ICT, New Technologies due to competitive advantageness are unknown Challenges

21. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran21 7-Groups Discossion 60 min. 1-2-3-4-

22. K.Akbari Entrepreneurship Development in Iran22 Thanks for your attention