1. WHAT IS UP  WITH AVIATION SCIENCE? Today you are a scientist! Lesson 3

2. Lesson 3: What Is Up  With Aviation Science? How did you use F.L.I.G.H.T. Values this week? How many miles did I fly my last trip? How many miles have I ’ ve flown during the entire Adopt-A-Pilot program? Which is my favorite city to overnight? What did you discover about U.S. cities during Lesson 2A: “ While the Pilot Is Away … Plan Your Trip! ”? Who would like to share your 2 nd Solo Flight – “ A Journey Through Time ” ? LET ’ S REVIEW TAKE-OFF 

3. TITLE GOES HERE Lesson 3: What Is Up  With Aviation Science? The scientific process is a way to answer a question by conducting experiments, making observations and drawing conclusions. The steps of the scientific process are: THE SCIENTIFIC PROCESS TAKE-OFF  HYPOTHESISStep One: Create a HYPOTHESIS. EXPERIMENTStep Two: Conduct an EXPERIMENT. OBSERVATIONSStep Three: Record your OBSERVATIONS. CONCLUSIONStep Four: Compare your hypothesis with your observations and make a CONCLUSION.

4. Lesson 3: What Is Up  With Aviation Science? THE PROPERTIES OF AIR DEMONSTRATION  What are balloons most commonly filled with? If you said air, you ’ re right! Let ’ s take a look at some interesting things about air. Air molecules take up space Air exerts pressure Air has weight Air is a fluid Air is the reason an airplane flies!

5. Lesson 3: What Is Up  With Aviation Science? Daniel Bernoulli was born on February 8, 1700. He was a Dutch-born Swiss scientist and mathematician. He discovered that faster moving fluids exert less pressure than slower moving fluids. People were so excited about about this, they named his discovery Bernoulli ’ s Principle. Air traveling over the top of a wing moves faster than the air under the wing. The slower moving air under the wing exerts more pressure, creating the force of lift. BERNOULLI ’ S PRINCIPLE TAKE-OFF  WING Slower Moving Air - More Pressure - Faster Moving Air - Less Pressure BERNOULLI ’ S PRINCIPLE IN ACTION!

6. Lesson 3: What Is Up  With Aviation Science? A PING PONG BALL AND BERNOULLI ’ S PRINCIPLE Let ’ s use the scientific process to take a look at Bernoulli ’ s Principle in the classroom! CRUISE – DOWN WITH SCIENCE IN-CLASS ACTIVITY 1  HYPOTHESIS: What will happen when you place a ping pong ball directly over the airflow of a hair dryer? EXPERIMENT: Follow along as I conduct the ping pong ball experiment. OBSERVATION: What did the ping pong ball do? CONCLUSION: Was your hypothesis correct?

7. Lesson 3: What Is Up  With Aviation Science? UP OR DOWN? Lift is a result of Bernoulli's Principle. Let ’ s take a look at the force of lift in action! CRUISE – DOWN WITH SCIENCE IN-CLASS ACTIVITY 1 (con’t)  HYPOTHESIS: 1.If you hold the strip of paper to the top lip of your mouth and blow underneath it, what will happen? 2.If you hold the strip of paper to the bottom lip of your mouth and blow over the top of it, what will happen? EXPERIMENT: Conduct the experiment as instructed. OBSERVATION: 1.What happened to the paper when you blew under it? 2.What happened to the paper when you blew over it? CONCLUSION: Were your hypotheses correct?

8. Lesson 3: What Is Up  With Aviation Science? A force is a push or a pull. An aircraft has four forces pushing or pulling on it anytime it is flying. The four forces are: THE FOUR FORCES OF FLIGHT TAKE-OFF  GRAVITY DRAG THRUST LIFT

9. Lesson 3: What Is Up  With Aviation Science? Before they were Pilots, Orville and Wilbur Wright owned a bike shop in Dayton, Ohio. In order to learn how things flew, they experimented with: Double decker kites Gliders Wind tunnels Their first successful flight of a powered heavier-than-air airplane was on December 17, 1903, at Kill Devil Hill, North Carolina. Orville flew the airplane (they took turns, and it was his turn). The flight lasted 12 seconds, and the airplane flew 120 feet! They accomplished this amazing feat because they used all of the F.L.I.G.H.T. Values! Imagine what life would be like today, if they hadn ’ t used F.L.I.G.H.T. Values? THE WRIGHT BROTHERS TAKE-OFF  OPTIONAL DISCUSSION TOPIC

10. Lesson 3: What Is Up  With Aviation Science? Four forces are always acting on an airplane in flight. While I am away, explore what you ’ ve learned about aviation science. 3 rd SOLO FLIGHT – “ UP, UP and AWAY ” AT-HOME ACTIVITY  IMAGINATION is one of the F.L.I.G.H.T. Values. Who do you know that exhibits IMAGINATION? There are four steps in the scientific process. There are four forces of flight. The force of lift is due to Bernoulli ’ s Principle.

11. Lesson 3: What Is Up  With Aviation Science? LANDING  Congratulations! Today, you were a scientist, conducting fun experiments using the scientific process. You learned how Bernoulli ’ s Principle creates lift. You learned about the four forces of flight. You will continue to track my journey as I fly around the United States in Lesson 3A: “ While the Pilot Is Away – It ’ s a Drag! ” If there is time, you and your teacher will explore more aviation science in Lesson 3A: “ While the Pilot Is Away – It ’ s a Drag! ” If you haven ’ t already, be sure to complete your 3 rd Solo Flight – “ Up, Up and Away ” before my next visit. Next Up … More Aviation Science!