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EOC Vocabulary List #1-62
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1 This is an organism’s unique role in the environment that includes the habitat, function, and activities of the organism.
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1 Niche
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2 This is a inter-species relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is harmed.
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2 Parasitism
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3 This is a inter-species relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is unaffected.
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3 Commensalism
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This is a inter-species relationship in which both species benefit.
4 This is a inter-species relationship in which both species benefit.
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4 Mutualism
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5 This is an inter-species relationship in which one species captures, kills, and consumes another species for food.
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5 Predation
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6 This is any type of inter-species relationship in which two species live in a close relationship with each other.
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6 Symbiosis
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7 This principle states that no two species can share the same niche in the same environment.
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Competitive Exclusion
7 Competitive Exclusion
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8 This is an organism that produces its own food using either sunlight and/or specific chemicals.
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8 Autotroph
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9 This is an organism that cannot produce its own food through chemical means.
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9 Heterotroph
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10 This is the process by which organisms obtain energy in the form of ATP from carbohydrates.
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Aerobic Cellular Respiration
10 Aerobic Cellular Respiration
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11 This is the metabolic process that organisms will go through if there is no oxygen available after glycolysis.
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11 Fermentation
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12 This is the step of cellular respiration in which one glucose molecule is decomposed in order to produce pyruvate, ATP, and electron carriers.
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12 Glycolysis
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13 This is the step of cellular respiration that requires oxygen in order to decompose pyruvate into carbon dioxide, ATP, and electron carriers.
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13 Krebs Cycle
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14 This is the step of cellular respiration that requires oxygen in order to produce the majority of the cells ATP using electron carriers and enzymes.
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Electron Transport Chain
14 Electron Transport Chain
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15 This is the process that uses sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide in order to produce carbohydrates and oxygen.
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15 Photosynthesis
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16 This is the step of photosynthesis that uses sunlight in order to split water molecules, produce oxygen, and store energy in ATP and electron carriers.
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Light Dependent Reaction
16 Light Dependent Reaction
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17 This is the step of photosynthesis that uses carbon dioxide and the chemical energy stored in ATP and electron carriers to produce glucose.
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17 Calvin Cycle
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18 This is the green pigment that is responsible for absorbing sunlight in order to make glucose.
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18 Chlorophyll
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19 This is the level of classification that is determined by the ability of organisms to mate and produce fertile offspring.
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19 Species
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20 This is the shift of allele frequencies in a population over generations of time.
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20 Evolution
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21 This is the mechanism of evolution that states that certain variations of traits which provide a reproductive advantage will become more frequent in the population.
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21 Natural Selection
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22 This is the type of selection in which one organism chooses a mate based upon specific phenotypes.
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22 Sexual Selection
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23 This is the type of selection in which both extreme phenotypes are more beneficial than intermediate phenotypes.
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23 Disruptive Selection
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24 This is the type of selection in which intermediate phenotypes are more beneficial than the extreme phenotypes.
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Stabilizing Selection
24 Stabilizing Selection
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25 This is the type of selection in which one particular phenotype is more beneficial than the other phenotypes.
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Directional Selection
25 Directional Selection
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26 This is the type of selection in which humans choose mates for individual organisms based upon specific phenotypes.
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26 Artificial Selection
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27 This is any inheritable trait that improves an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce.
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27 Adaptation
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28 This is an organism’s relative position in a sequence of energy transfers in a food chain or an energy pyramid.
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28 Trophic Level
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29 This is the amount of organic matter or living tissue produced within an ecosystem.
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29 Biomass
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30 This is a type of growth rate in which the population continues to grow at a constant rate because resources are plentiful.
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30 Exponential
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31 This is a type of growth rate in which the population growth begins to slow and eventually reaches an equilibrium with the environment because of limited resources.
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31 Logistic
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32 This is the maximum number of individuals of a species that the environment can support due to limited resources.
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32 Carrying Capacity
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33 This is the development of a climax community that begins with bare soil. The primary species are usually short grasses.
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33 Secondary Succession
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34 This is the development of a climax community that begins with bare rock. The primary species are usually lichen.
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34 Primary Succession
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35 This is the level of organization that includes all biotic and abiotic factors in the environment.
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35 Ecosystem
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36 This is the level of organization that includes all biotic factors but no abiotic factors in the environment.
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36 Community
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This is the level of organization that includes similar ecosystems.
37 This is the level of organization that includes similar ecosystems.
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37 Biome
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38 This is the level of organization that includes all of the portions of Earth that can sustain life.
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38 Biosphere
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39 This is the level of organization that includes all of the organisms of the same species in a specified area.
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39 Population
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40 This is the level of organization that is considered the smallest unit of life.
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40 Cell
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This organelle is responsible for producing energy for a cell.
41 This organelle is responsible for producing energy for a cell.
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41 Mitochondria
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42 This organelle is responsible for producing lipids and detoxification of poisonous materials.
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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
42 Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
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43 This organelle is responsible for modifying proteins before they are packaged for export.
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Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
43 Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
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This organelle is responsible for digestion of large molecules.
44 This organelle is responsible for digestion of large molecules.
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44 Lysosome
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This organelle is responsible for making food through photosynthesis.
45 This organelle is responsible for making food through photosynthesis.
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45 Chloroplast
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46 This is the organelle responsible for processing and packaging proteins prior to export.
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46 Golgi Apparatus
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This is the organelle responsible for protein synthesis.
47 This is the organelle responsible for protein synthesis.
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47 Ribosome
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48 This is when a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane in order to release substances such as proteins into the extracellular environment.
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48 Exocytosis
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49 This is when the cell membrane forms a vesicle around fluid or solids in order to bring substances into the cytoplasm.
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49 Endocytosis
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50 This type of cell does not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles.
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50 Prokaryote
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51 This type of cell has a nucleus and organelles with membranes, such as the endoplasmic reticulum.
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51 Eukaryote
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52 This type of eukaryotic cell does not have a cell wall and are all heterotrophs.
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52 Animal
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53 This type of eukaryotic cell has a large central vacuole and are all autotrophs.
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53 Plant
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All prokaryotes are ___.
54 All prokaryotes are ___.
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54 Bacteria
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55 This is the type of cellular transport that does not use energy but requires a protein channel to cross the cell membrane.
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Facilitated Diffusion
55 Facilitated Diffusion
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56 This is the type of cellular transport that moves molecules against the concentration gradient and requires the input of energy.
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56 Active Transport
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This is the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.
57 This is the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.
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57 Osmosis
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58 This is the movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration.
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58 Diffusion
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59 In this type of solution, a cell will gain mass and swell because of osmosis.
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59 Hypotonic
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60 In this type of solution, a cell will shrink and lose mass because of osmosis.
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60 Hypertonic
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61 In this type of solution, a cell will stay the same size and mass because it is at equilibrium with the solution.
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61 Isotonic
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62 This is the amount of solutes per unit of solvent within any given solution.
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62 Concentration
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