1. CROSS CULTURAL TRAINING IM CONSULTANTS

2. Cross-cultural Effectiveness: Profile Diagram Source: Browaeys & Price, Understanding Cross-cultural Management,1 st Edition. Pearson education 2009

3. CCkTitleCC Tasks & Challenges Facing the Buying manager Institutional environment -Labour and other legislations - Unions & collective bargaining -Trade regulations -Healthcare & education systems Buying Manager Performance management & compensations -Informal check of performance -Seniority-based pay -Fixed compensation packages -group reward rather individual Negotiations -In Japan could be lengthy process -Focus on long-term relationship -Collective expectations are important -In High-context culture much of information is implicit and indirect -Non-confrontational style, saving face -Punctuality is very important -Japanese prefer hard figures Recruitment & training - Recruiting process -People expect continued employment and training -Emphasis on group work and team building -Men and Women play different roles Leadership & task distribution -Different leadership style, (theory Z) -Collective decision-making -Japanese find it hard to say No (even if they know the task is unachievable) -Hierarchy organisational structure with strong emphasis on status (gender, age) -Little work/life balance -Strong personal relationship and frequent socialisation

4. Title Leadership & task distribution -Different leadership style, -Collective decision-making style -Unspoken communication, Japanese find it hard to say No -Hierarchy organisational structure, -Very formal working style -Little work/life balance -Men and women play different roles

5. Title Negotiation In Japan could be lengthy process Focus on long-term relationship Collective expectations are important In High-context culture lots of information is implicit and indirect Non-confrontational style, saving face Punctuality is very important Japanese prefer hard figures

6. Title Recruitment & training Recruiting process People expect continued employment and training Emphasis on group work and team building Men and Women play different roles

7. Performance management & compensations Informal check of performance Seniority-based pay Fixed compensation packages group reward rather individual

8. Institutional environment Labour and other legislations Unions & collective bargaining Trade regulations Healthcare & education systems