1. Old Testament
The Prophets
© John Stevenson, 2009

2. Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy
English Old Testament
Pentateuch
Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy
Historical Books
Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1-2 Samuel, 1-2 Kings, 1-2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther
Poetic Books
Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon
Prophetic Books
Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi

3. What is a Prophet? They functioned as Preachers
They functioned as Predictors
Prophet versus Priest

4. The Old Testament Gospel
Isaiah
The Old Testament Gospel

5. The Bible Isaiah Old Testament: 39 Books New Testament: 27 Books
Judgment: 39 Chapters
Comfort: 27 Chapters
Total Books: 66 Books
Total: 66 Chapters

6. Judgments in the Present
Overview of Isaiah
Chapters 1-35
Chapters 36-39
Chapters 40-66
Judgments in the Present
Historical Interlude
Glory in the Future
The Judgment of God
The Comfort of God
Messiah the Judge
Messiah the Servant
God’s Government
A throne (6:1)
God’s Grace
A lamb (53:6)

7. The World of Isaiah’s Day

8. A Microcosm of the Entire Book of Isaiah

9. Isaiah 1:2-3 For the LORD speaks, “Sons I have reared and brought up,
2 Listen, O heavens, and hear, O earth;
For the LORD speaks,
“Sons I have reared and brought up,
But they have revolted against Me.
3 An ox knows its owner,
And a donkey its master's manger,
But Israel does not know,
My people do not understand.”

10. Isaiah 1:4 Alas, sinful nation, People weighed down with iniquity,
Offspring of evildoers,
Sons who act corruptly!
They have abandoned the Lord,
They have despised the Holy One of Israel,
They have turned away from Him.
Literally “Seed of Evil Ones.”

11. Isaiah 1:10 Hear the word of the LORD, You rulers of Sodom;
Give ear to the instruction of our God,
You people of Gomorrah.

12. Isaiah 1:11
"What are your multiplied sacrifices to Me?” says the LORD.
"I have had enough of burnt offerings of rams,
And the fat of fed cattle.
And I take no pleasure in the blood of bulls, lambs, or goats.

13. Isaiah 1:21 How the faithful city has become a harlot,
She who was full of justice!
Righteousness once lodged in her,
But now murderers.

14. Isaiah 1:26-27 And your counselors as at the beginning;
26 Then I will restore your judges as at the first,
And your counselors as at the beginning;
After that you will be called the city of righteousness, A faithful city."
27 Zion will be redeemed with justice
And her repentant ones with righteousness.

15. Isaiah 6:1
In the year of King Uzziah’s death, I saw the Lord sitting on a throne, lofty and exalted, with the train of His robe filling the temple.

16. Isaiah 6:2-4
Seraphim stood above Him, each having six wings; with two he covered his face, and with two he covered his feet, and with two he flew. 3 And one called out to another and said, “Holy, Holy, Holy, is the LORD of hosts, The whole earth is full of His glory.” 4 And the foundations of the thresholds trembled at the voice of him who called out, while the temple was filling with smoke.

18. Isaiah 6:5
Then I said, “Woe is me, for I am ruined! Because I am a man of unclean lips, And I live among a people of unclean lips; For my eyes have seen the King, the LORD of hosts.”

19. Isaiah 6:6-7
Then one of the seraphim flew to me, with a burning coal in his hand which he had taken from the altar with tongs. 7 And he touched my mouth with it and said, “Behold, this has touched your lips; and your iniquity is taken away, and your sin is forgiven.”

20. Child Motif Shear-jashub (Isaiah 7:3) Immanu-el (Isaiah 7:14; 8:8)
Maher-shalal-hash-baz (Isaiah 8:3)
Isaiah’s children (Isaiah 8:18)
The Royal Child (Isaiah 9:6-7).

21. TIU BI 110E Instruction Manual

22. Jeremiah
The Weeping Prophet

23. Isaiah
Jeremiah
Saw the Northern Kingdom of Israel taken into Captivity at the hands of Assyria
Saw the Southern Kingdom of Judah taken into Captivity at the hands of Babylon
Foretold of the judgments that would come in the future
Explained the reasons for the judgments Judah was experiencing
Looks primarily to the future
Looks primarily to the present

24. Isaiah Jeremiah Bold and fearless Gentle and compassionate
Was married to a prophetess and had children with prophetic names
Was commanded not to take a wife or have any children

25.  Carchemish
 Babylon
Nebuchadnezzar
 Jerusalem
Pharaoh
Neco

26. Josiah dies at Megiddo and is replaced by his son Jehoahaz
 Jerusalem
(Josiah)
Pharaoh
Neco

27. Overview of Jeremiah Chapter 1 Chapters 2-20 Chapters 21-45
Prologue
From Josiah to the first year of Nebuchadnezzar
From Josiah’s sons to the Captivity
Oracles to the Nations
Epilogue
Call of Jeremiah
Fall of Jerusalem
Judgment against Judah
Nations

28. Pattern of Jeremiah Call of Jeremiah (1)
Prophecies of Judah & Jerusalem (2-35)
Historical Narrative
Prior to the fall of Jerusalem (36-38)
The fall of Jerusalem (39)
After the fall of Jerusalem (40-45)
Prophecies of other nations (46-51)
Fall of Jerusalem (52)

29. Jeremiah 31:31-32
“Behold, days are coming,” declares the LORD, “when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah, 32 not like the covenant which I made with their fathers in the day I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, My covenant which they broke, although I was a husband to them,” declares the LORD.

30. Jeremiah 31:33
“But this is the covenant which I will make with the house of Israel after those days," declares the LORD, “I will put My law within them, and on their heart I will write it; and I will be their God, and they shall be My people.

31. Jeremiah 31:34
And they shall not teach again, each man his neighbor and each man his brother, saying, ‘Know the LORD,’ for they shall all know Me, from the least of them to the greatest of them,” declares the LORD, “for I will forgive their iniquity, and their sin I will remember no more.”

32. Let us go up to the house of the Lord
Old Covenant
New Covenant
Jerusalem
Church
Go unto all the world and make disciples of the nations
Let us go up to the house of the Lord

33. Lamentations
The Song of Sorrow

34. Lamentations

35. Lamentations 3:40-42 Let us examine and probe our ways,
And let us return to the LORD.
We lift up our heart and hands
Toward God in heaven;
We have transgressed and rebelled, Thou hast not pardoned.

36. Lessons from Lamentations
God is Sovereign over the affairs of men
Sin brings forth tragic consequences
There is hope in the darkness

37. Ezekiel
The Prophet-Priest

38. Oracles against Nations
Ezekiel
1 - 24
Oracles against Judah
Oracles against Nations
Oracles of Salvation
Ezekiel’s call (1-2)
Judgment (3-7)
Temple (8-11)
Judgment (12-14)
Pictures (15-19)
Judgment (20-23)
Pictures (24)
Amon
Moab
Edom
Philistia
Tyre
Sidon
Egypt
Watchman (33)
Restoration (34-37)
Gog & Magog (38-39)
New Temple (40-48)

39. Amos Josiah Jeremiah Daniel Ezekiel Babylonian Captivity
Jehoahaz
Jehoiachin
Amos
Josiah
Babylonian Captivity
Zedekiah
Jehoiakim
Jerusalem & Temple Destroyed
Joel?
Obadiah?
Jeremiah
Daniel
Habakkuk
Ezekiel
Fall of
Nineveh

40. Ezekiel’s Chariot Vision
Something like glowing metal in the midst of the fire (1:4).
Four living beings
Wheels within wheels

41. 1 Chronicles 28:18
...the altar of incense refined gold by weight; and gold for the model of the chariot, even the cherubim, that spread out their wings, and covered the ark of the covenant of the LORD

42. Daniel 7:9
I kept looking Until thrones were set up, and the Ancient of Days took His seat; His vesture was like white snow, and the hair of His head like pure wool. His throne was ablaze with flames, its wheels were a burning fire

43. Meaning of the Vision
God is the God over all life, whether wild animals or domesticated animals or birds of men
The wheels are a picture of the mighty power of God.

44. The Glory of the Lord
Ezekiel sees the glory of the presence of the Lord within His temple (8:4).
The glory of God is seen at the doorway to the temple (9:3).
It next leaves the doorway and moves out to the Eastern Gate (10:18)

45. The Glory of the Lord
It moves completely out of the city of Jerusalem: And the glory of the LORD went up from the midst of the city, and stood over the mountain which is east of the city (Ezekiel 11:23).

46. Ezekiel’s Vision John’s Revelation
A Temple within the City
The New Jerusalem
Ezekiel is taken in this vision to a very high mountain (40:2)
John is carried in the Spirit to a great and high mountain (21:10)
A man uses a rod to measure the dimensions of the temple (40:5-ff)
An angel measures the city with a rod (21:15-17)
The entire temple area is a perfect square (42:15-20)
The entire city is a perfect cube (21:16)

47. Ezekiel’s Vision John’s Revelation
A Temple within the City
The New Jerusalem
The presence of the glory of the Lord enters the temple (43:3-4)
No need of sun or moon because the Lord illumines His city (22:5)
No foreigner is admitted into the temple (44:9)
Nothing unclean and no unbeliever is allowed into the city (21:8, 27)
A river of water flows out of the temple (47:1)
A river of the water of life comes from the throne of God (22:1)

48. Ezekiel’s Vision John’s Revelation
A Temple within the City
The New Jerusalem
There are a total of 12 gates around the city (48:30-34)
There are 12 gates to the city (21:21)
The name of the city shall be: “The Lord is there” (48:35).
The throne of God shall be there (22:3)

49. Ezekiel 43:4-5
And the glory of the LORD came into the house by the way of the gate facing toward the east. 5 And the Spirit lifted me up and brought me into the inner court; and behold, the glory of the LORD filled the house.

50. Daniel
Statesman-Prophet

51. Seven Historical Narratives Four Prophetic Visions
Overview of Daniel
1:1
8:1
Written in the Third Person
Written in the First Person
Seven Historical Narratives
Four Prophetic Visions
Hebrew
Written in Aramaic
Written in Hebrew
Prologue
Prophetic History relating to the Gentiles
Prophetic History relating to the Jews

53. Vision of a great statue
Daniel 2
Meaning
Daniel 7
Vision of a great statue
Kings & Kingdoms
Vision of beasts from the sea
Head of fine gold
Babylon
Lion with wings
Breast & arms of silver
Medes & Persia
Bear with three ribs in its teeth
Belly & thighs of bronze
Greek Empire
Leopard with 4 wings & 4 heads
Legs of iron & clay; ten toes
Antiochus?
Rome?
Beast with iron teeth & ten horns

54. Daniel 2
Meaning
Daniel 7
All previous kingdoms destroyed by the stone cut without hands
Coming of the Lord and His Kingdom
Ancient of Days takes his seat and passes judgment
A new kingdom that will never be destroyed (2:44)
His kingdom will be an everlasting kingdom (7:27)

55. Dream comes in the first year of Belshazzar king of Babylon
Daniel 7
Daniel 8
Dream comes in the first year of Belshazzar king of Babylon
Vision given in the third year of the reign of Belshazzar the king
Successive beasts rise up out of the ocean
Babylon
Medes & Persia
Greece
Other Kingdom
A ram standing by a canal is attacked by a goat coming from the west
Medes & Persia
Greece
Terrible beast has ten horns
Large horn broken; gives way to ten horns

56. Daniel 7 Daniel 8 Out comes a small horn that… Out comes a small
Pulls up three previous horns
Utters great boasts
Alterations in times and law
Wages war against saints and wins against them
Grows exceedingly
Magnifies itself against heaven
Removes regular sacrifice & throws down the temple
Flings truth to the ground

57. Daniel 7
Daniel 8
Saints are given into his hand for a time, times, and half a time
Endures for 2300 mornings and evenings
Then sovereignty, dominion, and greatness are given to the saints of the Most High
Then the holy place will be properly restored

58. Alexander the Great
“To the strongest”

59. Seleucus
Israel
Ptolemy

60. Antiochus
Epiphanes
Israel
Ptolemy

61. Antiochus Epiphanes Comes on the heels of Alexander’s generals
Magnifies itself against the Jews and against their God
He puts a stop to the sacrificial system and makes alterations to the Law
He attempts to overturn the truth of the Scriptures
He has power over the nation of Israel

62. Antiochus Epiphanes
His sway over the Temple endures for approximately 3 and a half years (2300 mornings and evenings).
Then the holy place is ultimately properly restored

63. Daniel 11:31
And forces from him will arise, desecrate the sanctuary fortress, and do away with the regular sacrifice. And they will set up the abomination of desolation.

64. Daniel 12:1
Now at that time Michael, the great prince who stands guard over the sons of your people, will arise. And there will be a time of distress such as never occurred since there was a nation until that time; and at that time your people, everyone who is found written in the book, will be rescued.

65. Daniel 12:2
And many of those who sleep in the dust of the ground will awake, these to everlasting life, but the others to disgrace and everlasting contempt.

66. “A time of distress…”
Abomination of Desolation brought by Antiochus Epiphanes in 168 B.C.
Destruction of the Temple brought by Titus in A.D. 70
The Final Judgment

67. Daniel 12:4
But as for you, Daniel, conceal these words and seal up the book until the end of time; many will go back and forth, and knowledge will increase.

68. Excel Instructor & Course Evaluation
Course: Old Testament Survey
Instructor: Dr. John Stevenson