1. MODAL VERBS ANDRESSA RIBEIRO DO AMARAL

2. MODAL VERBS 0 Modal verbs são verbos especiais na língua inglesa, pois funcionam de maneira semelhante aos verbos auxiliares (do, have, be) e, ao mesmo tempo, conferem uma nova carga semântica (um novo significado) aos verbos que os acompanham.

3. CARACTERÍSTICAS DOS MODAL VERBS 0 1 – São usados antes de outros verbos, mas nunca com os verbos auxiliares. The official said the US was in constant coordination with the Iraqi government on “how we can help coordinate additional relief, enhance their efforts, and provide direct assistance wherever possible.” 0 2 – Após os modais, o verbo sempre deve vir no infinitivo sem o “to”. Kurdish leader, Massoud Barazani, has said he is moving towards holding a referendum that could pave the way for an independence bid, a move that could spell the end of Iraq, and unsettle surrounding countries, including Syria, Turkey and Iran.

4. CARACTERÍSTICAS DOS MODAL VERBS 0 3 – Não sofrem quaisquer alterações na 3ª pessoa do singular no presente. "Saddam may have gone, but his mentality sticks in our heads," he says. Still, Gorran did well in Kurdistan's last two elections. Last month, it joined the KDP-PUK government. 0 4 – Nunca apresentam formas conjugadas, como “ing” ou “ed” e não são precedidos de “to” (infinitivo). The president of Iraqi Kurdistan, Massoud Barzani, announced moves towards Kurdish statehood, starting with a referendum on whether these areas – home to Kurds, but to other groups too – should become a part of Kurdistan. Kurdish leaders now talk openly of independence.

5. CAN/COULD 0 Habilidade (conseguir): 0 I could run faster when I was younger. 0 Can you speak English? 0 Possibilidade (ter a possibilidade/disponibilidade de): 0 I can go for you, if you want. 0 He could see a beautiful view from his bedroom. 0 *I could kill for dessert 0 Permissão (informal): 0 Can I come in? 0 Could you speak louder, please?

6. MAY/MIGHT 0 Permissão (formal): 0 May I stay here? You may, if you want/You may not. 0 We asked him if we might take the exams on Monday, instead of Tuesday. 0 *Can I have a cookie?/I’m sure you can, but you may not. 0 Possibilidade: 0 They might be at home. 0 They may be at home.

7. MUST 0 Obrigação: 0 He must solve his own problems. 0 You must stop saying that. 0 Sugestão: 0 You must see that movie, it’s awesome! 0 Dedução: 0 There’s nobody home, they must have left. 0 Proibição: 0 You must not walk around alone anymore.

8. SHALL 0 Intenção (formal): 0 We shall start the work. 0 I shall go to the airport. 0 I shall not send what’s app messages to my friends during the English classes anymore. Amen. 0 Contratos (formal): 0 The BUYER shall pay to the SELLER the amount of…

9. SHOULD/OUGHT TO 0 Conselho: 0 I think you should wait. 0 I think you ought to wait. 0 Crítica: 0 They should not have decided it so suddenly. 0 They oughtn’t to have decided it so suddenly.

10. WILL/WOULD 0 Intenção: 0 I will win it! 0 Would you have come if you had suspected about it? I would/I wouldn’t. 0 Previsão: 0 Fred will arrive at any moment.

11. WOULD RATHER 0 Preferência: 0 I would rather read his letter alone. 0 They’d rather die than betray their ideals. 0 He would rather not talk to her yet.

12. HAD BETTER 0 Conselho: 0 You had better go out and think about it clearly. 0 The Brazilian team had better not play anymore. 0 They’d better break up and stop pretending they feel anything about each other.

13. NEED 0 Utilizado apenas nas formas negativa e interrogativa. 0 Necessidade: 0 He needn’t have done everything by himself. 0 Need we come earlier this week?

14. DARE 0 Utilizado apenas nas formas negativa e interrogativa. 0 Desafio: 0 I dare not say this again. 0 Dare you disobey your orders?