2. Provide the following information on the slip provided
Name …the one you want to be called.
Code name…a clean one…I will use this to post your grades.
Indicate if you require a front desk …include if the reason is for vision.

3. Info sheet 2

4. Chemistry 20

5. Chemistry
The science that deals with the structure and behavior of matter

6. Unit I Classification of Matter
Chemistry –
- the study of matter and its changes.
Matter –
– anything that has substance and takes up space.
Data is gathered by investigation and observation.
Observations are statements of fact
2 kinds of observations
Quantitative
– involves measurement (numbers)
Qualitative
– all the rest

15. Physical & Chemical Properties Physical & Chemical Changes
How to determine if an observation is Physical or Chemical
Ask the question; “ Is new matter being formed?”
If the answer is YES………
CHEMICAL
If the answer is NO………
PHYSICAL
How to determine is the observation is a change or a property.
If the verb ends in “ing” …..
CHANGE
If the verb does not end in “ing”…….
PROPERTY
Note: All phase changes are physical changes

16. Physical Properties
Physical properties – color, hardness, texture, phases, density, ability to conduct heat, electricity.
When a physical change occurs a physical property will be different. For example, melting ice.
Heat

17. Ca O S8 Ca S O2 Chemical Properties
Chemical change – a substance changes from one type of matter to another.
Ca O S8
Ca S O2

18. Describe each of the following as a Physical Property, Physical Change, Chemical Property or Chemical Change
Moth balls melt at 56.0 oC.
Material “A” exists as a yellow powder.
A plant growing.
Crushing rock.
Propane burns in air.
Water condenses at 100 oC.
HCl(aq) is neutralized when it reacts with NaOH(aq).
Breaking a piece of Chalk.

19. Describe each of the following as a Physical Property, Physical Change, Chemical Property or Chemical Change
Moth balls melt at 56.0 oC. PP
Material “A” exists as a yellow powder. PP
A plant growing. CC
Crushing rock. PC
Propane burns in air. CP
Water condenses at 100 oC. PP
HCl(aq) is neutralized when it reacts with NaOH(aq). CP
Breaking a piece of Chalk. PC

20. A cube of table sugar is dissolved in de-mineralized water
A cube of table sugar is dissolved in de-mineralized water. Classify (describe) this sample of matter using as many terms as you can.
Solution
Mixture
Liquid (solid, gas)
Homogeneous (heterogeneous)
2 compounds (water and sugar) (element)
Non – electrolyte (electrolyte)
Neutral (acid, base)
Molecules (ions)
C12H22O11 (aq)

21. Definitions Homogeneous
- sample is uniform throughout (same physical and chemical properties)
Heterogeneous
- non uniform mixture; you can see individual parts of the mixture. That is – parts have different chemical and physical properties.
Pure substances
- samples of matter that have a definite set of physical and chemical properties. (elements or compounds)

22. - homogeneous mixtures Elements
- a combination of substances that have no definite or fixed proportions.
Solutions
- homogeneous mixtures
Elements
- a pure substance that cannot be broken down into different kinds of matter. (contains only one kind of atom)
Compounds
- elements chemically combined in definite proportions.
Elements

23. Compounds vs Mixtures Compounds Mixtures
Components retain their identities. (C & P properties)
Components lose their identities. (C & P properties)
Components may be present in any proportion.
Components are present in fixed proportions.
Components can be separated by chemical means only.
Components can be separated by simple physical process.
Evidence of chemical action during preparation. (heat, light, color change etc)
No evidence of chemical action during preparation

24. A Classification Scheme

25. Classification of Matter

26. Complete the following table by placing an ‘x’ for all that apply
Bar of zinc
C3H8(g)
glass of 7-up
Shovel of dirt from the field
Helium gas
NaHCO3 dissolved in water
Gold coin
metal ?
Sample of Matter
Homogeneous
Heterogeneous
solution
compound
mixture
element

27. x C3H8(g) Sample of Matter
Complete the following table by placing an ‘x’ for all that apply
Bar of zinc x
C3H8(g)
glass of 7-up
Shovel of dirt from the field
Helium gas
NaHCO3 dissolved in water
Gold coin
Sample of Matter
Homogeneous
Heterogeneous
solution
Metal ?
compound
mixture
element

28. Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)
We believe that all molecules are in a state of constant motion.
Three kinds of motion are possible:
A) Vibrational – back and forth
B) Rotational – spinning on an axis
C) Translational – movement through space
3. We use this theory to explain the states (phases) of matter.

29. Solids Liquids Gases Molecules vibrate Molecules vibrate and rotate
Molecules vibrate, rotate and translate
Shape of the container
Definite shape
Shape of the container
Expand to occupy all the available space
Definite volume
Definite volume
High attractive forces between molecules
Weak attractive forces between molecules
Very weak attractive forces between molecules
Molecules very close together
Molecules very close together
Molecules very far apart
Orderly arrangement of molecules
Molecules very dis-organized
More orderly than gases but less than solids
Not very compressible
Not very compressible
Very compressible

30. Heating of a solid F Temp. D E (oC) B C A Time (s)
A → B : Heating of a solid
B → C : Melting of a liquid (Phase change)
C → D : Heating of a liquid
D → E : Evaporating a liquid (Phase change)
E → F : Heating of a gas (closed system)

31. Phase Changes GAS LIQUID SOLID Condensation Freezing Melting
Evaporation
Sublimation 1 4 5 6 2 3

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Test Time
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