1. Lecture 10 Capacitor and Inductor Hung-yi Lee

2. Outline Capacitor (Chapter 5.1) Inductor (Chapter 5.2) Comparison of Capacitor and Inductor Superposition for Dynamic Circuits

3. Outline Capacitor (Chapter 5.1) Inductor (Chapter 5.2) Comparison of Capacitor and Inductor Superposition for Dynamic Circuits

4. Capacitor – i-v characteristics If v is constant i=0 Open circuit Dynamic reference current should flow from “+” to “-”

5. Capacitor – i-v characteristics

6. Continuity - Capacitor The voltage of capacitor should be continuous Infinite current Current changes

7. Capacitor – Power and Energy Instantaneous consumed power of a capacitor: Total energy consumed: Depend on voltage at t The energy stored

8. Capacitor - Application Automated external defibrillators (AED)

9. Capacitor - Application Automated external defibrillators (AED) 5000V

10. Capacitor - Series

11. Capacitor - Parallel C par =C 1 +C 2 + ‥ ‥ ‥ +C N

12. Outline Capacitor (Chapter 5.1) Inductor (Chapter 5.2) Comparison of Capacitor and Inductor Superposition for Dynamic Circuits

13. Inductor – i-v characteristics If i=constant v=0 short circuit Dynamic reference current should flow from “+” to “-”

14. Inductor – i-v characteristics

15. Continuity - Inductor The current of inductor should be continuous Infinite Voltage Voltage changes

16. Shock by Inductor http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/worksheets/ind.html

17. Inductor – Power and Stored Energy Instantaneous consumed power of an inductor Total Energy consumed Depend on current at t The energy stored

18. Inductor - Series L ser =L 1 +L 2 + ‥ ‥ ‥ +L N

19. Inductor - Parallel

20. Outline Capacitor (Chapter 5.1) Inductor (Chapter 5.2) Comparison of Capacitor and Inductor Superposition for Dynamic Circuits

21. Summary - i-v characteristics 愛愛 CVV L

22. Summary - Series and Parallel Series Parallel i-v Resistor Capacitor Inductor

23. Outline Capacitor (Chapter 5.1) Inductor (Chapter 5.2) Comparison of Capacitor and Inductor Superposition for Dynamic Circuits

24. Review This equation only for circuits with sources and resistors. y: any current or voltage for an element x i : current of current sources or voltage of voltage sources Proportionality Principle, Superposition Principle Can be used in any circuit in this course

25. Linearity A circuit is a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system Input: current of current sources or voltage of voltage sources Output: the current or voltage for the elements + - Circuit (System) input output

26. Linearity All linear circuits are linear system Linear Circuit: Sources Linear Elements: Resistor, Capacitor, Inductor All circuits in this course are linear circuits.

27. Linearity Linear System: Property 1: Input: g 1 (t), g 2 (t), g 3 (t), …… output: h 1 (t), h 2 (t), h 3 (t), …… Input: Kg 1 (t), Kg 2 (t), Kg 3 (t), …… output: Kh 1 (t), Kh 2 (t), Kh 3 (t), …… Proportionality Principle

28. Linearity Linear System: Property 2: Input: a 1 (t), a 2 (t), a 3 (t), …… output: x 1 (t), x 2 (t), x 3 (t), …… Input: a 1 (t)+ b 1 (t), a 2 (t)+ b 2 (t), a 3 (t)+ b 3 (t), …… output: x 1 (t)+y 1 (t), x 2 (t)+y 2 (t), x 3 (t)+y 3 (t), …… Superposition Principle Input: b 1 (t), b 2 (t), b 3 (t), …… output: y 1 (t), y 2 (t), y 3 (t), ……

29. Linearity Linear System: Property 2: Input: a 1 (t), a 2 (t), a 3 (t), …… output: x 1 (t), x 2 (t), x 3 (t), …… Input: a 1 (t)+ b 1 (t), a 2 (t)+ b 2 (t), a 3 (t)+ b 3 (t), …… output: x 1 (t)+y 1 (t), x 2 (t)+y 2 (t), x 3 (t)+y 3 (t), …… Superposition Principle Input: b 1 (t), b 2 (t), b 3 (t), …… output: y 1 (t), y 2 (t), y 3 (t), ……

30. Linearity Superposition Principle can be applied on all circuits in this course (Textbook: Chapter 6.5).

31. Announcement 10/22 ( 三 ) 第一次小考 Ch1. Circuit Variables and Laws (1.4, 1.5) Ch2. Properties of Resistive Circuits (2.3, 2.4, 2.5) Ch3. Applications of Resistive Circuits (3.2) Ch4. Systematic Analysis Methods (4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4) 助教時間：週一到週四 PM6:30~8:30 助教 : 黃盈庭 d03921009@ntu.edu.tw 時間 : 週三 PM6:30~8:30 地點 : 電二 146

32. Thank you!

33. Appendix

34. Capacitor – Series (2) If v is constant i=0 Open circuit What are v 1, v 2 ……?

35. Capacitor Application How Capacitive Liquid Level Sensors Work https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0du-QU1Q0T4

36. Acknowledgement 感謝 林楷恩 (b02) 指出投影片中 Equation 的錯誤