1. Aldehyde and Ketone Reactions
Review - Oxidation Reaction:
8. Oxidation primary alcohol --> aldehyde
9. Oxidation secondary alchol --> ketone
10. Oxidation aldehyde --> acid
New Reactions:
6. Reduction: aldehyde + hydrogen --> pri. Alcohol.
6. Reduction: ketone + hydrogen --> sec. Alcohol
14. Hemiacetal Synthesis: alcohol + aldehyde or ketone --> hemiacetal
15. Acetal Synthesis: hemiacetal + alcohol --> acetal

2. Aldehyde and Ketone Reactions

3. Aldehyde and Ketone Reactions
Reduction: aldehyde + hydrogen --> pri. Alcohol
Form of addition reaction.

4. Reduction: aldehyde + hydrogen
Break hydrogen bond

5. Reduction: aldehyde + hydrogen
Break double bond and use electrons to bond with hydrogen.

6. Reduction: aldehyde + hydrogen
Brief Method

7. Hemiacetal and Acetal Functional Groups
Hemiacetal: alcohol and ether on same carbon
Acetal: Two ethers on same carbon

8. Hemiacetal Synthesis: aldehyde + hydrogen
Alcohol + aldehyde --> hemiacetal
Ethanal + methanol
Alcohol oxygen becomes an ether
Carbon double bond oxygen becomes an alcohol

9. Synthesis of Acetal Functional Group
Acetal: alcohol plus hemiacetal (ether synthesis)
Acetal: Two ethers on same carbon

10. Aldehyde and Ketone Reactions

11. Aldehyde and Ketone Reactions

12. Hemiacetal and Acetal Reactions
Ques. 13: Complete the following reactions: