2. conditional sentences pada umumnya memiliki ciri-ciri sebagai berikut: a. Digunakannya kata if dalam anak kalimat (subordinate clause). Karena clause ini diawali oleh if maka disebut if clause. b. digunakannya modal auxiliary, seperti will, can, may, must, would, could, might, etc. pada pokok kalimat (main clause).

3. Real conditionals (factual / habitual / hypothetical / future possible) Example: If I have the time, I will go. If I don’t have the time, I will not go.

4. a. Future time Example: If I have the money, I will give it to you. If you keep driving on this speed, we may arrive at home before 10 p.m. I can pass this subject if I study hard. You must bring an umbrella if I you don’t want to get wet.

5. b. Habitual (kebiasaan/habit) If Budi has enough time, he usually walks to campus. I usually watch football on TV every Saturday night if I do not fall asleep. If he has money, he always treats us. If + S + verb1, S + verb1

6. c. Command (perintah) If you finish with your work, please help me. Please give me a cigarette if you don’t mind. If you have time, please meet me in my office. If + S + verb1, S + verb1

7. Unreal atau Contrary to Fact Conditionals If the teacher didn’t speak quickly, I could understand better what he is teaching about. Fact: the teacher speaks quickly, so that, I can’t understand well what he is teaching about. He could hug me, if he were here. Fact: he can’t hug me, because, he is not here. If I had a pair of wings, I would fly high. Fact: I don’t have a pair of wings, I can’t fly.

8. Exercises If you (send)…send…… this letter now, she (receive)… will receive …..it tomorrow. If I (do)……. this test, I (improve)…… my English. If I (find)….. your ring, I (give)……… it back to you. Peggy (go)…… shopping if she (have)…… time in the afternoon. Simon (go)…… to London next week if he (get)…. a cheap flight. If her boyfriend (phone / not)…….. today, she (leave)……. him. If they (study / not)…….. harder, they (pass / not)……. the exam. If it (rain)…….. tomorrow, I (have to / not)……… water the plants. You (be able/ not)…….. to sleep if you (watch)……… this scary film. Susan (can / move / not)…………….. into the new house if it (be / not)…….. ready on time.

9. Exercise unreal situation If we (have)…had…. a yacht, we (sail)…would sail…… the seven seas. 1. If he (have)………. more time, he ………(learn) karate. 2. If they (tell)………. their father, he (be)…….. very angry. 3. She (spend)…… a year in the USA if it (be)…….. easier to get a green card. 4. If I (live)……. on a lonely island, I (run)……… around naked all day. 5. We (help)……… you if we (know)………… how. 6. My brother (buy)……….. a sports car if he (have)…… the money. 7. If I (feel)……… better, I (go)……… to the cinema with you. 8. If you (go)……….. by bike more often, you (be / not)…… so flabby. 9. She (not / talk)…….. to you if she (be) ………..mad at you.

10. Exercise on If Clauses Complete the sentences. 1. If your conditions are competitive, we (place)………… an order. 2. If I had more time, I (do)…………… a course in business English. 3. If we had known more about their culture, negotiating (be)………… easier. 4. If you (customize)…………. your CV, your chances of getting a job will be better. 5. We (cancel)………. our order if you don't deliver the goods by Friday. 6. If Brittany (speak)………. better English, she would apply for a job abroad. 7. If you (tell)………. me about the problem, I would have helped you. 8. I (let)………. you know if I weren't satisfied. 9. If you execute the order carelessly, they (place / not)…………… another order with you in the future. 10. If I were you, I (worry / not)………………. about the presentation.