1. New Advances at the Turn of the Century
Times They ‘R a Changin’

2. Problems with the Railroads
Iron tracks rust
Tracks are not all one size
No stop signals/brakes are faulty
No time zones
Runs on coal which is inefficient and messy

3. Solutions Steel tracks Standard size tracks Stop signals/brakes
Time Zones
Transcontinental railroad is built

4. Cornelius Vanderbilt Started by investing in the steamship industry
Later dominated the railroad industry on the East coast
One of the richest families in US

5. Effect on Daily Life What happens now that we have better railroads?
Travel!
New businesses open
Can ship products coast to coast
Mail is faster
People begin to move or relocate and settle west

6. Changes in Communication
1829 Typewriter
1835 Samuel Morse-Morse Code
1837 Telegraph
1876 Telephone Alexander Graham Bell
1877 Phonograph Edison

7. Steel
Bessemer Process- take iron and heat & cool it repeatedly to make stronger
Effect on Daily Life:
Railroad tracks
Taller/bigger buildings like skyscrapers
Better machines can produce more

8. Andrew Carnegie
Scottish immigrant who eventually will dominate the steel industry
Believed in giving money to charity-not to heirs-libraries!

9. Coal & Steam
Coal is messy
Needs to be mined
Steam is faster but…

10. Oil! JD Rockefeller’s company Standard Oil dominated the oil industry
Changes: Lighting, Transportation, etc.

11. Big Business Monopoly: one seller of a good or service
Horizontal Merger: company begins to monopolize by putting businesses like them out of business
Vertical Merger: company buys their suppliers
Trust: Businesses agree not to compete through quality or price

12. Electricity! 1879 get the first light bulb
Fixes it and opens Edison Illuminating Comp.
1882 get city electricity

13. Effects of Daily Life Longer work days Factories can produce more
Will get electric run trains later
Social life changes
Safer than candles

14. AC/DC Wars Edison promoted DC (direct current)
Westinghouse purchased the rights to Tesla’s idea of AC (alternating current)
A distribute to promote each began because of profits