1. Chemical Thermodynamics
Chemistry, The Central Science, 11th edition Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Jr., Bruce E. Bursten, and Catherine J. Murphy
Chapter 19
Chemical Thermodynamics
Dana & Michelle Chatellier
University of Delaware
© Copyright 2009, Pearson Education

2. The first law of thermodynamics states that __________ is conserved.
matter
energy
entropy
temperature

3. The first law of thermodynamics states that __________ is conserved.
matter
energy
entropy
temperature

4. Which process is NOT spontaneous at 25 °C?
the melting of an ice cube
the sublimation of dry ice
the boiling of liquid nitrogen
the freezing of ethyl alcohol

5. Which process is NOT spontaneous at 25 °C?
the melting of an ice cube
the sublimation of dry ice
the boiling of liquid nitrogen
the freezing of ethyl alcohol

6. Entropy is a measure of the __________ of a system.
randomness
internal energy
temperature
polarity

7. Entropy is a measure of the __________ of a system.
randomness
internal energy
temperature
polarity

8. Since entropy is a state function, the change in entropy is equal to its final value __________ its initial value.
plus
minus
multiplied by
divided by

9. Since entropy is a state function, the change in entropy is equal to its final value __________ its initial value.
plus
minus
multiplied by
divided by

10. Boltzmann’s constant = k. The number of microstates = W. Entropy = S
Boltzmann’s constant = k. The number of microstates = W. Entropy = S. Which is correct?
S = k x W
S = k / W
S = k ln W
S = kW

11. Boltzmann’s constant = k. The number of microstates = W. Entropy = S
Boltzmann’s constant = k. The number of microstates = W. Entropy = S. Which is correct?
S = k x W
S = k / W
S = k ln W
S = kW

12. Entropy decreases when:
gases are formed from liquids.
liquids are formed from solids.
solids are formed from gases.
the number of gas molecules increases during a chemical reaction.

13. Entropy decreases when:
gases are formed from liquids.
liquids are formed from solids.
solids are formed from gases.
the number of gas molecules increases during a chemical reaction.

14. The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy __________ as a result of an irreversible process.
increases
decreases
remains unchanged
reaches equilibrium

15. The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy __________ as a result of an irreversible process.
increases
decreases
remains unchanged
reaches equilibrium

16. The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a pure, perfect crystalline substance at absolute zero (0 K) is:
infinite.
increasing.
decreasing.
zero.

17. The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a pure, perfect crystalline substance at absolute zero (0 K) is:
infinite.
increasing.
decreasing.
zero.

18. H = enthalpy. S = entropy. T = Kelvin temperature
H = enthalpy. S = entropy. T = Kelvin temperature. The Gibbs free energy, G, is:
H + TS
H – TS
H x TS
H / TS

19. H = enthalpy. S = entropy. T = Kelvin temperature
H = enthalpy. S = entropy. T = Kelvin temperature. The Gibbs free energy, G, is:
H + TS
H – TS
H x TS
H / TS

20. The value of ∆G, the Gibbs free energy change, for a system at equilibrium is:
positive.
negative.
rapidly fluctuating from positive to negative.
zero.

21. The value of ∆G, the Gibbs free energy change, for a system at equilibrium is:
positive.
negative.
rapidly fluctuating from positive to negative.
zero.