1. USING APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
BY HOWARD HENDERSON
CHAPTER 2
AGRISCIENCE/TECHNOLOGY

2. DEFINITION OF AGRISCIENCE
IT IS THE USE OF SCIENCE IN PRODUCING FOOD, FIBER AND SHELTER
APPLIED SCIENCE ANSWERS THE QUESTION “WHAT SHOULD I DO?” WHAT CHEMICAL TO USE
BASIC SCIENCE ANSWERS THE QUESTION “WHY DOES IT DO WHAT IT DOES?” EX. WHY CHEMICAL WORKS

3. TECHNOLOGY PRACTICAL USE OF SCIENCE-USUALLY INCREASES FOOD PRODUCTION
DEVELOPMENT OF BST IN DAIRY TO INCREASE THE AMOUNT OF MILK ONE COW WILL PRODUCE *ADVANTAGE - LESS COWS NEEDED *DISADVANTAGE - LESS DAIRY FARMERS NEEDED

4. LEADERSHIP AND TECHNOLOGY
AGRISCIENTISTS AND GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS OFTEN MAKE DECISIONS ABOUT WHAT WILL BE AVAILABLE
EXAMPLE WOULD BE IN THE US MONSANTO DEVELOPED A SOYBEAN THAT PRODUCES STERILE SEED;THEY DECIDED NOT TO PUT IT ON THE MARKET

5. FOUR AREAS OF SCIENCE
MATHEMATICS - WEIGHT TO BUY AND SELL A PRODUCT; LAND SURVEYING
PHSICAL SCIENCE - NONLIVING MATTER EARTH SCIENCE/CHEMISTY/PHYSICS EXAMPLE ACCURATE WEATHER/FERTILIZER/LOADING RAMPS

6. FOUR AREAS CONT.
LIFE SCIENCE - STUDY OF LIVING THINGS INCLUDES BOTONY AND ZOOLOGY
WAYS TO MAKE PLANTS AND ANIMALS GROW BETTER
SOCIAL SCIENCE -BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE: WHY PEOPLE RESPOND AS THEY DO TO FOOD

7. AGRONOMY
DEALS WITH THE STUDY OF PLANTS AND HOW THEY RELATE TO THE SOIL
PURPOSE IS TO IMPROVE CROP PRODUCTION AND CONSERVE NATURAL RESOURCES

8. HORTICULTURE SCIENCE OF GROWING FRUITS,NUTS AND VEGETABLES
ALSO INCLUDES FLOWERS AND ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS AND VINES

9. FORESTRY SCIENCE OF GROWING AND USING FORESTS
TWO TYPES OF FORESTS : CULTURED - TREES ARE PLANTED AND CARED FOR
NATIVE - TREES THAT GROW WILD;USUALLY A MIXTURE OF TYPES

10. ENTOMOLOGY
BRANCH OF ZOOLOGY THAT DEALS WITH INSECTS AND RELATED SMALL ANIMALS
INCLUDES BENEFICIAL INSECTS -HONEYBEE
HARMFUL INSECTS - CORN BORERS

11. ANIMAL SCIENCE
AREA OF AGRISCIENCE DEALING WITH THE PRODUCTION OF ANIMALS FOR FOOD
ANIMALS USED FOR MEAT INCLUDE CATTLE, HOGS, SHEEP, GOATS, BISON, EMUS AND LLAMAS

12. POULTRY SCIENCE
AREA DEALING WITH RAISING CHICKENS AND RELATED FOWL(BIRDS)
MOST IMPORTANT - CHICKENS
OTHERS INCLUDE - TURKEYS, DUCKS, GEESE, PHEASANTS, QUAIL, AND GUINEA

13. AQUACULTURE IS THE SCIENCE OF WATER FARMING
DEALS WITH BOTH AQUATIC PLANTS AND ANIMALS
EXAMPLES OF PLANTS - WATER CHESTNUTS AND WATER CRESS
EXAMPLES OF ANIMALS - TROUT AND ALLIGATORS

14. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
INVOLVES WAYS OF WISELY USING AND PROTECTING THE THINGS AROUND US
EMPHASIS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE INCLUDE THE AIR, SOIL, WATER, WILDLIFE, NATIVE PLANTS AND MINERALS

15. MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY
INVOLVES THE USE OF MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT TO DO WORK
EXAMPLES ARE DEVELOPING : TRACTORS, GREENHOUSES, PONDS, HARVESTING EQUIPMENT,ETC.

16. SCIENTIFIC METHOD FIVE IMPORTANT STEPS
STEP ONE : IDENTIFY THE PROBLEM EXAMPLE - TOO MUCH BACKFAT IN LOCAL PIGS USED FOR SLAUGHTER
STEP TWO : GET INFORMATION EXAMPLE - COLLECT DATA FROM SLAUGHTER HOUSES IN AREA

17. SCIENTIFIC METHOD CONT.
STEP 3: SUGGEST AN ANSWER EXAMPLE - USE A SUPERIOR BOAR ON AREA SOW HERDS
STEP 4 : EXPERIMENT
EXAMPLE - FEED OUT OFFSPRING AND COMPARE CUT OUT DATA
STEP 5 : FORM CONCLUSIONS EXAMPLE - NEED TO USE NEW GENETICS IN OUR AREA

18. RESEARCH
AGRISCIENCE RESEARCH IS CARRIED OUT BY LAND-GRANT UNIVERSITIES, AGRICULTURAL AGENCIES, AGRIBUSINESSES AND OTHER GROUPS
A FEW FARMS DO RESEARCH

19. NEW AREAS OF AGRISCIENCE
BIOTECHNOLOGY
GENETIC ENGINEERING
REMOTE SENSING
LASER TECHNOLGY
COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE
RADIATION

20. BIOTECHNOLOGY EXAMPLES OF BIOTECH : DEVELOPING VACCINES
PRODUCTS THAT WILL CAUSE LIVESTOCK TO PRODUCE MORE MEAT ON LESS FOOD
DEVELOPING BACTERIA THAT WILL CONSUME WASTES

21. GENETIC ENGINEERING DEVELOP CROPS THAT ARE INSECT RESISTANCE
DEVELOP A TOMATO THAT IS ROT RESISTANCE
DEVELOP A CROP PLANT THAT KILLS THE WEEDS AROUND THEM

22. REMOTE SENSING
INVOLVES GATHERING AND RECORDING DATA FROM A GREAT DISTANCE
WEATHER INFORMATION
RESOURCE LOCATION
CROP PESTS
PROTECTING NATURAL RESOURCES

23. LASER TECHNOLOGY A DEVICE THAT PRODUCES A SPECIAL KIND OF LIGHT
LAND FORMING
MONITORING PROCESSES
SCANNING - SUPERMARKETS

24. COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE
USING COMPUTERS TO SOLVE PROBLEMS IN AGRISCIENCE
DESIGNING FACILITIES
DEVELOPING PRODUCTS
MODELING NATURAL RESOURCES

25. RADIATION USE OF RADIATION
PREVENTING SPOILAGE OF FOOD BY KILLING BACTERIA THAT MAY BE ON OR IN A FOOD PRODUCT
KEEPING INSECTS OUT OF STORED FOOD

26. ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH AGRI/TECHNOLOGY
FOOD SAFETY
POLLUTION
CONSERVATION OF RESOURCES
HUMAN RIGHTS : EXAMPLE - FOOD PRODUCTS SHOULD NOT BE IMPORTED FROM A NATION WHERE PESTICIDES ARE BEING USED IMPROPERLY