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FIGURE 12-1 PNP transistor symbol and crystal structure.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-2 NPN transistor symbol and crystal structure.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-3 Emitter-base biasing.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-4 Base-collector biasing.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-5 NPN transistor biasing.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-6 Current carriers passing through an NPN transistor.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-7 Current carriers passing through a PNP transistor.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-8 Collector family of characteristic curves for an NPN transistor.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-9 Operating regions of a transistor.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE Transistor operation by regions: (a) active region; (b) cutoff region; (c) saturation region. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE continued Transistor operation by regions: (a) active region; (b) cutoff region; (c) saturation region. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE continued Transistor operation by regions: (a) active region; (b) cutoff region; (c) saturation region. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-11 Transistor characteristic curve test circuit.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE Transistor package: (a) small-signal devices; (b) large-signal devices; (c) epoxy devices. (a) Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE continued Transistor package: (a) small-signal devices; (b) large-signal devices; (c) epoxy devices. (b) Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE continued Transistor package: (a) small-signal devices; (b) large-signal devices; (c) epoxy devices. (c) Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-13 Junction polarity of (a) PNP and (b) NPN transistors.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-13 continued Junction polarity of (a) PNP and (b) NPN transistors.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-14 Ohmmeter transistor testing.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-15 Transistor gain test: (a) PNP test circuit; (b) NPN test circuit.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-15 continued Transistor gain test: (a) PNP test circuit; (b) NPN test circuit.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE NPN gain test. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE PNP gain test. Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-18 N-channel junction field-effect transistor.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-19 Source-drain conduction of a JFET.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-20 P-channel junction field-effect transistor.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-21 Family of drain curves for an N-channel JFET.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-22 Drain curve test circuit for an N-channel JFET.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-23 Enhancement mode MOSFET: 9a) N-channel; (b) P-channel.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-23 continued Enhancement mode MOSFET: 9a) N-channel; (b) P-channel.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-24 Family of drain curves for an E-type MOSFET (N-channel type).
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-25 D-type MOSFET: (a) N-channel; (b) P-channel.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-25 continued D-type MOSFET: (a) N-channel; (b) P-channel.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-26 Family of drain curves for a D-type N-channel MOSFET.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-27 Cross-sectional view of an N-channel V-MOSFET.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-28 Unijunction transistor.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-29 Characteristic curve for a UJT.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-30 Resistance values of a JFET: 9a) N-channel; (b) P-1 channel.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-31 D-MOSFET resistances: (a) N-channel; (b) P-channel; (c) N-1 channel; (d) P-channel.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-32 E-MOSFET resistances: (a) N-channel; (b) P-channel; (c) N-1 channel; (d) P-channel.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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FIGURE 12-33 UJT ohmmeter resistance values.
Dale R. Patrick Electricity and Electronics: A Survey, 5e Copyright ©2002 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.
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