1. WELCOME! 10/8/09 Todays Pre-Class Give me your textbook definition of a servant. Todays Agenda 1. Pre-Class & Roll 2. Bacons Rebellion 3. Race-Based Slavery 4. Final Thoughts & HW Todays learning objectives: 1.To understand what servitude is and how it compares to slavery. 2.To learn about Bacons rebellion and its significance. 3.To understand the meaning/implications of race-based slavery

2. BY 1676 – AN UPDATE FROM JAMESTOWN The Tobacco Boom was well underway in Virginia (1620- 1660). A majority of the laborers were Indentured Servants. Primarily African and Europeans. The number of indentured servants had grown rapidly by 1676. There was also a smaller, but growing population of slave labor as well

3. HISTORY IS OFTEN CREATED BY THE BOLD AND THE STUPID Meet Nathaniel Bacon (ca.1676). His actions would permanently change the layout of the labor force throughout the American colonies

4. BACONS REBELLION Bacon wanted the right to clear the Virginia backcountry of Native Americans. (he wanted access to more land -- more land = more $$$) Bacon declared, "[We must defend ourselves] against all Indians in general, for that they were all Enemies. The Governor of Virginia, Berkeley, would not grant Bacon the right to lead such an expedition against the Natives…BUT BACON DID IT ANYWAY!

5. WHY DOES THIS MATTER? The reason why we care about Bacons Rebellion is centered on who was in his 500 man army. Bacon recruited local Virginian indentured servants and slaves both poor blacks and poor whites to fight in his rebellion! He offered them their freedom and land -- fight for me and you will be free.

6. B LACKS AND W HITES U NIFIED Bacons Rebellion didnt last long, but the memory of it raised concerns among the rich and powerful white elite. Bacon's Rebellion demonstrated that poor whites and poor blacks could be united in a common cause. This was a great fear of the ruling class, what would prevent the poor from uniting to fight them again? This fear hastened the transition to racial slavery. Racial slavery meaning, to emphasize one race for slaves thereby separating blacks and whites socially. *If you keep them separate then you can control them more easily.

7. A CHANGE IN SOCIAL CLASS STRUCTURE Pre-Bacon Rebellion 1. Rich White Elite 2. Freedmen (merchants, artisans, landowners, etc.) 3. Poor and underprivileged (mixed races) 1. Indentured Servants 2. Slaves Post Bacon Rebellion 1. Rich White Elite 2. Freedman 3. Poor Whites 1. Indentured Servants 4. Poor Blacks 1. Remaining Indentured Servants 2. Black African Slaves What do you notice?

8. EXIT SLIP/HOMEWORK – TO BE WRITTEN IN YOUR NOTES! Reflect for a few moments about the implications of what Bacons rebellion did… the race-based slavery system. Respond to the following: (1/2 page response) 1. What lasting effects would there be by linking black Africans to a system like slavery? And linking Whites to a system like indentured servitude? 2. How would this affect the future lives of the African slaves and their African-American descendants?

9. HW: NOTES REVIEW How did Bacons rebellion create a necessity for a race-based system? -What was the structure of colonial Virginias society? -What was the fear of the ruling elite? -How was this fear realized in Bacons rebellion? -How did the ruling elite address their fears after bacons rebellion? -What was the new structure of Virginia society (post Bacons rebellion)?