1. UPA Package 3, Module 2
SQUATTER RESETTLEMENT IN THE METROPOLITAN FRINGE: A CASE STUDY OF THE SAPANG PALAY RESETTLEMENT PROJECT IN SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN, PHILIPPINES

2. Objectives Understand the concepts of relocation and resettlement;
Identify factors for success/failure;
Learn from case study

3. The SPRP: Origing Area: 752.5 hectares of riceland
How Acquired: PHHC bought the land to serve as resettlement area for displaced urban poor families.

4. Location of Municipality of San Jose Del Monte
San Jose del Monte, Province of Bulacan

5. Location of Sapang Palay Resettlement Program

6. Population Growth

7. Development under PHHC
PHHC Mandate 1948
To promote physical, social and economic betterment of the populous areas of the Philippines through low-cost housing projects and community and institutional housing.

8. Other Housing Agencies
Presidential Assistant on Housing and Resettlement (PAHRA)
Tondo Foreshore Development Authority (TFDA)
Central Institute for Training and Relocation of Urban Squatters (CITRUS)
Presidential Committee on Housing and Urban Resettlement (PRECHUR)
Sapang Palay Development Committee (SPDC)

9. Master Plan

10. Relocation Process
Relocatees transported on trucks to demarcated lots and left to themselves;
Awarding of lots based on relocatee’s expressed desire to live permanently in resettlement area;
Relocatee re-assembled dismantled shack on lot assigned to him/her;
Government assistance: transporting the squatters, assignment of lots, initial services.

11. Problems Encountered Relocation site not adequately prepared
Poor roads
Inadequate water
No power
No drainage / sewerage system
No facilities for education / health / protective services
No / poor transport facilities

12. Problems Encountered 2. Inadequate job opportunities;
3. Social gap between relocatees and original settlers;
4. Social problems among relocatees discouraged middle class population from settling in or near SPRP.

13. Government Interventions
1. Establishment of the Central Institute for Training and Relocation of Urban Squatters (CITRUS)
2. Establishment of Industrial Estate
3. Extension of Social Services

14. Development under NHA 1975 - present
Shift towards social welfare-oriented housing policy which combined housing production with housing finance and housing regulation through
comprehensive and integrated housing program
administered by highly centralized organizational structure

15. Martial Law Legislations
Presidential Decree created the National Housing Authority
Presidential Decree created the Ministry of Human Settlements
Executive Order created Human Settlements Regulatory Commission

16. Post Martial Law Legislations
Executive Order 90 - abolished Ministry of Human Settlements and created the Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council
Republic Act Urban Development and Housing Act

17. Phase II: Features
Comprehensive development plan prepared and implemented first
Provision of “Core” housing
Expansion of residential area
Reduction in lot sizes
Community facilities and utilities put in place

18. Land Use Allocation

19. PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED
Inadequate funds due to sheer size of area and continued influx of population
Inadequacy of industrial estate to absorb increasing labor force
Return of relocatees to metropolis and arrival of non-beneficiaries to the site
Stigma of municipality as “home of squatters”
Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: The Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines

20. LOCAL GOVERNMENT RESPONSES
Provision of basic services
Passage of zoning ordinances
Regulations for relocation and housing subdivisions
Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: The Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines

21. Lessons Learned
Resettlement area should provide shelter + livelihood opportunities + basic services
Comprehensive development plan should be prepared
Close coordination among stakeholders