1. Chapter 11
Central and
Eastern Asia

2. China
After the fall of the Han in 220 CE, kingdoms were at war with on another
Armies carry infectious diseases
As the Chinese attack barbarian peoples, they are infected with a pox called Barbarian pox

3. China Reunification From 220 – 589, China was disunited
The Sui ( ) reunified China and was highly influenced by Buddhism
The Sui made a new capital at Chang’an
They built the 1100 mile Grand Canal enhancing trade

4. Tang Dynasty
Due to the Sui’s rapid growth; overextension led to the transition to the Tang ( )
The Tang maintained the eastern boundaries of the Sui, but expanded westward
They avoided over centralization by allowing local nobles, gentry, and religion to exercise power

5. Tang Dynasty Buddhism was favored by Tang rulers
The religion prescribed a spiritual function for kings to bring humankind into the Buddhist realm
Protecting spirits would aid the ruler in governing and protect the people under him

6. Tang Dynasty As the Tang expanded westward, it collected new ideas
The Tang was considered cosmopolitan because it integrated religions, foods, sports, languages, and styles from all parts of Asia

7. Tang Dynasty The capital Chang’an served as the hub of communication
The tributary system was a practice in which independent countries acknowledged the supremacy of the emperor by sending embassies to pay tribute

8. Tang Dynasty
Roads, caravans, sea routes, and canals brought goods to Chang’an
The Grand Canal was important since it had an enormous political and economic impact on Chinese development

9. Tang Dynasty The Tang were excellent shipbuilders
They were large and moved grain along the canal
Even though trade routes were beneficial, there were some negative effects: the bubonic plague

10. Tang Dynasty Central Asia’s influence on China was:
The popularity of pants
Cotton replaced hemp as the most popular textile
The game of polo – in which women were allowed to participate

11. Tang Dynasty Under the Tang, China’s monopoly on silk disappeared
Asia lost its monopoly of cotton and Tang China had begun to grow and spin its own
This process of “import substitution” – the domestic sale of goods that have been previously imported

12. Tang Dynasty China still remained the producer of the finest silk
The Tang dominated world trade and became the sole suppliers of porcelain

13. Tang Dynasty
The most serious rival to the Tang were the Uigurs and Tibet
After two centuries of Buddhist influence, the Tang family began to blame Buddhist clergy for political upheavals

14. Tang Dynasty The decline of the Tang resulted from:
A complex tax collection system
The defeat of the Tang at the Battle of Talas River
The demoralization and under funding of the army

15. Tang Dynasty
The Tang Empire ended in 907 and was replaced by a set of smaller states

16. Uigur Empire
Group of Turkic speakers who controlled an empire in modern day Mongolia
Famous merchants and scribes of the Silk Road
Lasted on 50 years

17. Tibet A large and stable empire
Chinese crossed Tibet on their pilgrimages to India
In a government attempt to control monasteries, Tibetan Buddhist assassinated the king and took control of the royal family

18. The new separate states that were the Tang are Liao, Jin, and Tanggut
They consolidated a single elite culture

19. The first state to emerge was the Liao Empire of the Kitans
They inspired the name Cathay (what the West called them)
Laid the foundation of the Mongol Empire
Made the city of Beijing its capital

20. Technology The innovations of the Song were: Stern-mounted rudder
High-quality steel
gunpowder

21. Technology
The development of movable type and printed material allowed for the dissemination of information and aided development of new agricultural lands

22. Song Dynasty The Song Dynasty rose in 960 and invented new technology
Chinese transportation improved because of the compass
The Song technological explosion was driven by an expanding economy and pressure from the Liao and Jin Empires

23. Song Dynasty
The Song instituted civil service examinations for government jobs to ensure it recruited the most talented men
Song China had an enormous military challenge
In social hierarchy, the civil man outranked the military

24. Women Could not own property, but could manage in absence of husband
Not allowed to remarry
Educated only to read Confusion philosophy
The most dramatic change was mandatory footbinding

25. Korea, Japan, and Vietnam
Agricultural nations dominated by rice as a main staple
Political ideologies varied, but were based on Confucianism
Korea was originally shamanist, but
Confucianism and Buddhism were transmitted to Japan by way of Korea

26. Korea, Japan, and Vietnam
After the fall of the Tang, the Koryo family took over Korea
China history records early Japan in the 4th century
The unification of Japan occurred when Korean warriors united the small countries of Japan under a central government

27. Korea, Japan, and Vietnam
Japan was influenced by China by:
Japan mastered Chinese architecture
Japan implemented Confucian style government
Japan showed a strong interest in Buddhism

28. Korea, Japan, and Vietnam
The Japanese emperor seldom had any real political power
The prime minister and religious leaders held power

29. Korea, Japan, and Vietnam
The rise of a warrior elite in Heian Japan (Kyoto) led to the rise of the Kamakura Shogunate , the first of 3 military regimes of Japan
This new warrior class would later take the title samurai

30. Korea, Japan, and Vietnam
Vietnam (Champa and Annam) established economic trade with the Tang
Advanced farming, metalwork and ceramics
Under Song China, Champa became a tributary state and provided China with quick growing rice

31. Women
In Vietnam, the Trung Sisters, who lived in the 2nd century, led local farmers in a resistance against Han invaders
They have been revered for almost 2000 years as national heroes

32. Women
Murasaki Shikibu is the author of the famous Japanese novel The Tale of Genji and said about women:
Women should have little education
They should have general knowledge, but is bad if they are attached to a particular branch of learning