1. Protection of Condensers in Power Plants with High Performance Polymeric Compounds Written By: Ricardo Chang Presented By: Don Hilliard

2. Essential Parts of a Condenser

3. Types of Corrosion Pitting CorrosionCrevice Corrosion

4. Types of Corrosion Intergranular Corrosion - Corrosion Fatigue Galvanic Corrosion

5. Types of Corrosion Stress Crack Corrosion Flow Induced Corrosion Impingement Corrosion Entrainment Corrosion Cavitation

6. Corrosion is… “A gradual wearing away or alteration by a chemical or electromechanical oxidizing process” “A gradual wearing away or alteration by a chemical or electromechanical oxidizing process”

7. Ferrous Alloys Corrode Water Water Velocity Velocity Acidity Acidity Motion Motion Temperature Temperature Bacteria / Salts / Aeration Bacteria / Salts / Aeration

8. Basic Corrosion Cell Anode Anode Cathode Cathode Conductor between Anode and Cathode Conductor between Anode and Cathode Electrolyte (salt or acid solution) Electrolyte (salt or acid solution)

9. Galvanic Series CORRODED END (ANODIC) CORRODED END (ANODIC) MagnesiumLeadSilver Solder Magnesium AlloysTinNickel (passive) ZincNickel (active)Inconel (passive) Aluminum 2SInconel (active)Hastalloy C (passive) CadmiumHastelloy C (active)Silver Aluminum 17STBrass Graphite Steel or IronCopperTitanium Cast IronBronzes Zirconium Carbon SteelCopper – nickel alloysGold Stainless SteelMonelPlatinum PROTECTED - END (CATHODIC) PROTECTED - END (CATHODIC)

10. Galvanic Corrosion The # 1 Problem in Condensers Also Pitting Crevis

11. Solutions to Prevent Corrosion Cathodic Protection Cathodic Protection Specialty Alloys Specialty Alloys Barrier Coatings Barrier Coatings

12. Belzona 1321

13. Belzona 1341

14. Belzona 1391

15. Belzona 1591

16. Belzona 5811

17. Some Considerations Surface must be cleaned with an angular abrasive to obtain a near white metal finish with a 3-mil surface profile. Surface must be cleaned with an angular abrasive to obtain a near white metal finish with a 3-mil surface profile. Surface must be dry and free from contaminants. Surface must be dry and free from contaminants. Often several coats must be applied. Often several coats must be applied. Cure times may be excessive. Cure times may be excessive. Finished surface must be free from pin holes or holidays (detection is required). Finished surface must be free from pin holes or holidays (detection is required). Low heat transfer coefficients. Low heat transfer coefficients.

18. In Conclusion: Equipment in wet operating conditions will corrode!!!!! Equipment in wet operating conditions will corrode!!!!!

19. Barrier Coatings can Provide: Low Cost Low Cost Long Lasting Solution Long Lasting Solution To the overall problem of corrosion